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. 2016 Oct 10;7:13073. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13073

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Healthy adult TMJ fibrocartilage exists under low metabolic activity. A reservoir of FCSCs resides in SZ niche, canonical Wnt signalling is controlled and β-catenin is restricted to mature chondrocytes. During TMJ degeneration overactive Wnt signalling enhances chondrocyte maturation, depletes FCSC pool in SZ niche, and contributes to the pathological progression of degeneration. Therapeutic application of exogenous canonical Wnt inhibitor maintains FCSC pool and repairs cartilage.