Table 2. Adjusted risk ratios of smoking ≥6 cigarettes per day vs. <6 cigarettes per day associated with neighborhood violence and social cohesion, 2012 ITC Mexico Survey.
| Smoking Intensity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence ratio (95% CI); n=1728 | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | |
| Neighborhood Violence (per IQR) | 1.16 (1.02, 1.32) | 1.17 (1.02, 1.33) | 1.20 (1.02, 1.42) | 2.50 (1.59, 3.95) | ||
| Neighborhood Social Cohesion | 0.97 (0.93,1.02) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | 1.15 (1.05, 1.25) | ||
| Age (in years) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 0.66 (0.56, 0.79) | 0.67 (0.57, 0.80) | 0.66 (0.56, 0.79) | 0.65 (0.55, 0.78) | ||
| Education | ||||||
| Primary or less | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Middle school | 0.83 (0.66, 1.03) | 0.81 (0.65, 1.01) | 0.83 (0.66, 1.03) | 0.88 (0.71, 1.09) | ||
| Vocational school, high school, incomplete university | 0.72 (0.57, 0.92) | 0.72 (0.57, 0.92) | 0.72 (0.56, 0.92) | 0.77 (0.61, 0.97) | ||
| University and post-graduate | 0.77 (0.56, 1.07) | 0.76 (0.55, 1.04) | 0.77 (0.56, 1.06) | 0.82 (0.59, 1.12) | ||
| Income | ||||||
| 0-3000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 3001-5000 | 1.21 (0.96, 1.52) | 1.23 (0.97, 1.56) | 1.21 (0.96, 1.52) | 1.17 (0.95, 1.44) | ||
| 5001-8000 | 1.38 (1.04, 1.82) | 1.42 (1.08, 1.87) | 1.37 (1.04, 1.82) | 1.27 (0.97, 1.67) | ||
| ≥8001 | 1.47 (1.08, 2.00) | 1.47 (1.07, 2.00) | 1.48 (1.09, 2.00) | 1.45 (1.08, 1.94) | ||
| Unknown | 1.36 (0.98, 1.87) | 1.39 (1.01, 1.91) | 1.35 (0.98, 1.86) | 1.29 (0.92, 1.80) | ||
| Violence*Social Cohesion | 0.95 (0.93, 0.98)a | |||||
a
p-value=0.0007