Table 5.
Results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for variables related to maternal and paternal support (NS, Native students; IS, Immigrant students).
| Factors | Ethno-cultural origin | Being retained | Interaction | Pairwise comparison | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | F | Mean | F | Mean | F | Difference of means | |
| PS1 | NS (16.57) | F(1, 1200) = 0.94 ny | No (16.82) | F(1, 1200) = 11.72** | NS-No (16.97) | F(1, 1200) = 5.49** | NS No-Yes = 1.71** |
| IS (15.84) | Yes (15.37) | η2 = 0.010, 1−β = 0.93 | NS-Yes (15.25) | η2 = 0.005, 1−β = 0.65 | IS No-Yes = 0.35 ny | ||
| IS-No (15.98) | |||||||
| IS-Yes (15.66) | |||||||
| PS2 | NS (17.33) | F(1, 1200) = 0.06 ny | No (17.72) | F(1, 1200) = 34.33*** | NS-No (17.65) | F(1, 1200) = 1.40 ny | NS No-Yes = 1.82*** |
| IS (17.00) | Yes (16.05) | η2 = 0.0228, 1−β = 1.00 | NS-Yes (15.94) | IS No-Yes = 1.21** | |||
| IS-No (17.51) | |||||||
| IS-Yes (16.30) | |||||||
| PS3 | NS (17.50) | F(1, 1200) = 1.86 ny | No (17.67) | F(1, 1200) = 10.55** | NS-No (17.76) | F(1, 1200) = 12.84 ny | NS No-Yes = 1.26*** |
| IS (16.91) | Yes (16.65) | η2 = 0.009, 1−β = 0.90 | NS-Yes (16.63) | IS No-Yes = 0.35 ny | |||
| IS-No (17.06) | |||||||
| IS-Yes (16.70) | |||||||
| PS4 | NS (8.44) | F(1, 1200) = 0.65 ny | No (8.54) | F(1, 1200) = 3.97 ny | NS-No (8.57) | F(1, 1200) = 2.70 ny | NS No-Yes = 0.57*** |
| IS (8.36) | Yes (8.10) | NS-Yes (8.00) | IS No-Yes = 0.03 ny | ||||
| IS-No (8.37) | |||||||
| IS-Yes (8.34) | |||||||
| PS5 | NS (9.33) | F(1, 1200) = 0.40 ny | No (9.49) | F(1, 1200) = 21.92*** | NS-No (9.52) | F(1, 1200) = 2.17 ny | NS No-Yes = 0.76*** |
| IS (9.16) | Yes (8.80) | η2 = 0.018, 1−β = 0.99 | NS-Yes (8.75) | IS No-Yes = 0.39 ny | |||
| IS-No (9.33) | |||||||
| IS-Yes (8.94) | |||||||
*p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.001.