Table 2.
Sample characteristics by age
| First assessment (range = 1–5 months) | Second assessment (range = 6–10 months)† | Third assessment (range = 10–19 months)† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency or mean (±SD) | Percent | Frequency or mean (±SD) | Percent | Frequency or mean (±SD) | Percent | |
| N | 272 | – | 243 | – | 127 | |
| Age and nutrition | ||||||
| Age (months) | 2.1 ± 0.3 | – | 6.7 ± 0.9 | – | 14.1 ± 2.3 | – |
| Exclusively breastfed | 162 | 59.8 | 21 | 8.6 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Months of exclusive breastfeeding | 1.9 ± 1.3 | – | 3.1 ± 2.3 | – | 3.0 ± 2.4 | – |
| Any breastfeeding | 267 | 98.2 | 235 | 96.7 | 107 | 84.3 |
| Stunted (LAZ < −2) | 44 | 16.2 | 36 | 14.2 | 22 | 17.5 |
| Overweight (WLZ > 2) | 86 | 31.6 | 70 | 29.3 | 24 | 19.0 |
| Inflammation and morbidities | ||||||
| AGP (g/L) | ||||||
| Elevated (> 1 g/L) | 4 | 1.5 | 30 | 12.3 | 14 | 11.0 |
| Continuous (median, first quartile, third quartile) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.6 (0.4, 0.7) | (0.5, 0.4, 0.8) | |||
| CRP (mg/L) | ||||||
| Elevated (> 5 mg/L) | 7 | 2.6 | 40 | 16.5 | 16 | 12.6 |
| Continuous (median, first quartile, third quartile) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.6 (0.3, 2.1) | 0.6 (0.3, 2.2) | |||
| Any inflammation* | 7 | 2.6 | 54 | 22.2 | 19 | 15.0 |
| Recent (2-week) diarrhea | 38 | 14.0 | 38 | 15.6 | 30 | 23.6 |
| Recent (2-week) cough | 110 | 40.4 | 136 | 56.0 | 60 | 47.2 |
| Recent (2-week) fever | 56 | 20.6 | 107 | 44.0 | 49 | 38.6 |
AGP = alpha(1)-acid-glycoprotein; CRP = C-reactive protein; LAZ = length-for-age Z-score; SD = standard deviation; WLZ = weight-for-length Z-score.
*
Inflammation: CRP > 5 mg/L or AGP > 1 g/L.
†
Table includes all infants in analysis (all infants with at least first blood draw and no missing data on key predictors or outcomes).