Table 1.
Demographic, clinical and radiologic characteristics of all patients with identified and unidentified etiologies
| Characteristics | Total number (%) | Typical bacterial | Atypical bacterial | Viral | Mixed | Unidentified pathogen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 90 (100%) | 26 (28.9%) | 9 (10%) | 17 (18.9%) | 7 (7.8%) | 31 (34.4%) |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age in months (mean ± SD) | 21.30 ± 16.93 | 21.4 ± 16.56 | 24.88 ± 14.58 | 20.71 ± 14.15 | 15.85 ± 15.2 | 22.5 ± 20.05 |
| Age group | ||||||
| ≤2 years | 60 (66.7%) | 17 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 21 |
| >2 years | 30 (33.3) | 9 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 10 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 33 (36.7%) | 9 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 7 |
| Male | 57 (63.3%) | 17 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 24 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 25 (27.8%) | 8 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Rural | 65 (72.2%) | 18 | 5 | 12 | 3 | 27* |
| Clinical findings | ||||||
| Fever | 83 (92.2) | 24 | 9 | 15 | 7 | 29 |
| Rhinitis | 86 (95.6) | 24 | 9 | 17 | 7 | 31 |
| Cough | 67 (74.4) | 21 | 6 | 10 | 6 | 24 |
| Grunting | 42 (46.7%) | 12 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 6 |
| Cyanosis | 22 (24.4%) | 6 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 2 |
| Diminished air entry | 84 (93.3%) | 30 | 24 | 9 | 15 | 7 |
| Fine crepitation | 89 (98.9%) | 26 | 9 | 17 | 7 | 30 |
| Rhonchi | 55 (61.1%) | 20 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 5 |
| Wheezes | 44 (48.9) | 12 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 16 |
| Rapid breathing | 90(100) | 26 | 10 | 18 | 5 | 31 |
| R.R. (mean ± SD) | 55.78 ± 7.08 | 55.62 ± 6.00 | 54.40 ± 6.50 | 52.78 ± 5.49* | 59.0 ± 4.18 | 57.58 ± 8.69 |
| Severe respiratory distress | 24 (26.7) | 4 | 6 | 2 | 6* | 6* |
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| Leukocytosis | 41 (45.6%) | 10 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 11 |
| Neutrophilia | 26 (28.9%) | 6 | 4 | 9* | 5* | 2 |
| Neutropenia | 0 (0.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lymphocytosis | 7 (7.8%) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Anemia | 29 (32.2%) | 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 8 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 5 (5.6%) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Positive CRP | 79 (88.9%) | 24 | 9 | 15 | 7 | 25 |
| Radiological findings | ||||||
| Patchy consolidation | 73 (81.1%) | 21 | 9 | 13 | 5 | 25 |
| Lobar consolidation | 14 (15.6%) | 4 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| Interstitial consolidation | 3 (3.3%) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
*p value < 0.05
R.R.: respiratory rate; CRP: C-reactive protein.
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median for continuous variables and as number (percentage) for categorical variables