Table 2.

Single Cell Manipulation Studies Conducted by Untethered Microrobots

Reference	Microrobot Agent	Target Cell	Application
Steager et al. [121]	Magnetic microstructure	Mouse embryo Trypsinized neuron	Cell transportation Microgel transportation
Hu et al. [122]	Bubble driven hydrogel disk	Mouse fibroblast	Cell transportation
Kwon et al. [123]	Magnetic microstructure attached with oscillating bubble	Fish egg	Cell transportation
Ye and Sitti [124]	Rotating magnetic bead	S. marcescens bacterium	Cell transportation
Schurle et al. [125]	Magnetic bead	Macrophage	Test engulfing
Hagiwara et al. [126], Feng et al. [127]	Magnetically driven microtool	Bovine oocyte	Cell transportation Cell cutting
Kawahara et al. [128]	Magnetically driven microtool	P. Laevis	Physical stimulation
Zhang et al. [129]	Ni nanowire	Epidermal cell Blood cell Microorganism with flagella	Cell transportation Cargo delivery
Petit et al. [130]	Self-assembled superparamagnetic microsphere doublet	E. coli bacterium	Cell transportation