Table 1. NP-inspired probes applied for target protein identification studies using gel-based proteomics. Blue: modification to introduce bioorthogonal alkyne tag.

Natural product and structure of inspired probe	Application, target(s)	Ref.
	Pathogenic bacteria	50
	Penicillin binding proteins and β-lactamase identified as targets
	Listeria monocytogenes	56
	Multiple targets, including ClpP
	Pathogenic bacteria	58
	Targets: oxidoreductases and transferases, including the enzyme MurA1
	Pathogenic bacteria	59
	Targets: multiple, including kinase ThiD
	S. aureus	60
	Targets: multiple, including seryl-tRNA synthetase
	Human breast cancer cells	62
	Target: phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1)
	HepG2 liver cancer cells	63
	Targets: multiple, including FAS (fatty acid synthase) and GAPDH
	A549 cancer cells	67
	Target: aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH1A1
	HEK293 cells expressing TLRs	70
	No proteomics – immunoaffinity methods identified binding to TLRs