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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 23.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2016 May 23;534(7605):115–118. doi: 10.1038/nature17955

Figure 4. Age-related deficits in memory linking are rescued by ensemble activation.

Figure 4

a, Design for calcium imaging with miniature microscope in aged mice. b, There was no difference in the overlapping ensemble between 5h and 7d (paired t-test, t3=0.367, n.s., n=4). c, Design for transfer of fear experiment. d, There was a significant difference in freezing during the context test (one-way ANOVA, F2,47=8.083, p=0.001, n=19,15,16). There was no difference between freezing levels in contexts B and D (t47=0.35, n.s.). Animals had more freezing in context C than B (t4 =3.19, p=0.0025) and D (t47=3.619, p=0.0007). e, Design for behavioral enhancement experiment. f, There was no difference in freezing between groups (one-way ANOVA, F2,39=0.453, n.s., n=15,15,12). g, Design for memory linking rescue by activating cells with DREADD receptors. h, There was higher freezing in the CNO group compared to the SAL group (unpaired t-test, t31=2.36, p=0.02, n=12,21). Significance: *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Results show mean +/− sem.