Table 1.
Prevalence of dysphagia in different phenotypes of patients or diseases
| Phenotype | Target population | Evaluation method | Prevalence | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Older patients | Independently living older people | Screening (questionnaires) | 11.4%–33.7% | Holland et al57 |
| Roy et al58 | ||||
| Bloem et al59 | ||||
| Kawashima et al60 | ||||
| Yang et al39 | ||||
| Barczi and Robbins40 | ||||
| Clinical exploration (V-VST) | 23% | Serra-Prat et al17 | ||
| Hospitalized AGU | Not specified/water swallow test/V-VST | 29.4%–47% | Lee et al61 Cabre et al24 |
|
| Hospitalized with CAP | Water swallow test/V-VST | 55%–91.7% | Cabre et al16 | |
| Almirall et al62 | ||||
| Hospitalized with CAP | Instrumental exploration | 75% | Almirall et al62 | |
| Institutionalized | Screening (questionnaires) | 40% | Nogueira and Reis63 | |
| Water swallow test | 38% | |||
| Screening + clinical exploration | 51% | Lin et al13 | ||
| NDDs | Parkinson’s disease | Reported by patients | 35% | Kalf et al51 |
| Objective exploration | 82% | |||
| Alzheimer’s disease | Instrumental exploration | 57%–84% | Langmore et al64 | |
| Horner et al44 | ||||
| Dementia | Reported by caregivers | 19%–30% | Langmore et al64 | |
| Ikeda et al47 | ||||
| Instrumental exploration | 57%–84% | Suh et al65 | ||
| Langmore et al64 | ||||
| Horner et al44 | ||||
| Multiple sclerosis | Screening (questionnaires) | 24% | De Pauw et al66 | |
| Instrumental exploration | 34.3% | Calcagno et al67 | ||
| ALS | Clinical and instrumental explorations | 47%–86% | Chen and Garrett68 Ruoppolo et al69 |
|
| Stroke | Acute phase | Screening (questionnaires) | 37%–45% | Martino et al54 |
| Clinical exploration | 51%–55% | |||
| Instrumental exploration | 64%–78% | |||
| Chronic phase | Clinical exploration | 25%–45% | ||
| Instrumental exploration | 40%–81% |
Note: Copyright © 2015. Nature Reviews. Adapted from Clave P, Shaker R. Dysphagia: current reality and scope of the problem. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015; 12(5):259–270.56
Abbreviations: V-VST, volume-viscosity swallowing test; AGU, acute geriatric unit; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; NDDs, neurodegenerative diseases; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.