Table 4.
Comparison of PACAP or reporter expression across three studies.
| Structure | Rat PACAP- expressing cell bodies (Hannibal, 2002) |
PACAP- EGFP cell bodies |
PACAP mRNA from Allen Atlas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retina | |||
| Retinal ganglion cell layer | + | ++ | N/R |
| Inner plexiform layer | − | − | N/R |
| Inner nuclear layer | − | rare | N/R |
| Outer plexiform layer | N/R | − | N/R |
| Outer nuclear layer | N/R | − | N/R |
| Olfactory Bulb | |||
| Glomerular layer | − | + | + |
| Mitral layer | + | + | + |
| Granular layer | − | − | − |
| Accessory olfactory bulb | − | + | + |
| Anterior olfactory nucleus | ++ | + | + |
| Isocortex | |||
| Prelimbic area | N/R | + | + |
| Infralimbic area | N/R | + | + |
| Layer 1 | + | − | − |
| Layer 2 | ++ | ++ | ++ |
| Layer 3 | ++ | + | + |
| Layer 4 | − | + | + |
| Layer 5 | ++ | +++ | +++ |
| Layer 6 | + | + | + |
| Hippocampus | |||
| Entorhinal area | ++ | +++ | + |
| CA1 | ++ | + | − |
| CA2 | ++ | ++ | − |
| CA3 | ++ | + | − |
| Dentate gyrus | |||
| Granule cell layer | +++ | − | − |
| Polymorph layer (hilus) | +1 | + | + |
| Amygdala | |||
| Lateral amygdala | + | +++ | + |
| Basal amygdala | + | ++ | + |
| Cerebral nuclei | |||
| Caudoputamen | − | − | − |
| Globus pallidus | − | − | − |
| Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis | + | − | − |
| Thalamus | |||
| Medial habenula | ++++ | − | ++ |
| Lateral habenula | ++++ | − | + |
| Ventral anteriolateral complex | − | − | − |
| Ventral posterior complex | − 1 | − | − |
| Paraventricular nucleus | − | − | − |
| Intergeniculate leaflet | − | − | − |
| Hypothalamus | |||
| Paraventricular nucleus | + | + | + |
| Mammilary nuclei | ++++ | +++ | +++ |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus | − | − | − |
| Supraoptic nucleus | − | − | − |
| Subfornical organ | ++++ | − | ++ |
| Vascular organ of the lamina terminalis | +++ | ++ | ++ |
| Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus | ++++ | ++ | +++ |
| Midbrain | |||
| Periaqueductal gray | + | + | ++ |
| Dorsal raphe nucleus | − | ++ | + |
| Cuneiform nucleus | N/R | ++ | + |
| Pedunculopontine nucleus | N/R | ++ | + |
| Ventral tegmental area | + | + | + |
| Substantia nigra | + | ++ | ++ |
| Olivary pretectal nucleus | − | ++ | ++ |
| Area postrema | − | ++ | + |
| Dorsal interfascicular raphe | − | + | + |
| Hindbrain | |||
| Lateral parabrachial nuclei | +++ | ++ | ++ |
| Medial parabrachial nuclei | +++ | rare | + |
| Dorsal tegmental nucleus | − | − | − |
| Nuclei of the solitary tract | +++ | +++ | ++ |
| Medial vestibular nucleus | +++ | + | + |
| Spinal vestibular nucleus | +++ | + | + |
| Nucleus of the origin of efferents | N/R | − | − |
| Supravestibular nuclei | N/R | − | − |
| Nucleus ambiguus | +++ | + | + |
| Inferior colliculus | + | + | + |
| Paragigantocellular nucleus | +1 | + | + |
| Intermediate reticular nucleus | + | + | + |
| Parvocellular nucleus | ++2 | + | + |
| Prepositius nucleus | N/R | + | + |
| Inferior olivary nuclei | N/R | − | ++ |
| Spinal nuclei of the trigeminal tract | N/R | + | + |
| Locus coeruleus | +++2 | + | + |
| Gracile nucleus | N/R | + | + |
| Extracuneate nucleus | N/R | − | − |
| Raphe pallidus | + | + | + |
| Raphe obscurus | + | + | + |
| Cochlear nuclei | +++ | + | + |
| Facial motor nucleus | − | − | − |
| Cerebellum | |||
| Purkinje cell layer | ++ | − | ++ |
| Deep cerebellar nuclei | ++ | − | − |
| Spinal cord | |||
| 1Sp | − | +++ | ++ |
| 5Sp | ++ | + | + |
| 7Sp | +1 | + | + |
| Lateral gray column | +1 | + | ++ |
| Dorsal gray horn | ++1 | ++ | + |
1
Our assessment the level of PACAP expression directly from the images in Hannibal (2002), otherwise expression levels reflect those reported by Hannibal in Table 1 of that publication.
2
Only observed when colchicine was employed. For the Allen Atlas, the expression levels reflect our assessment of the images published on the website.
N/R: Not reported. Relative levels of expression: − not detectable, rare, + low, ++ moderate, +++ intense, ++++ very intense expression.