Table 2.
Effect of CD on work productivity and employment status examined by the clinical features of pain and predominant CD subtype
| Pain (PNRS) a | Pain (TWSTRS) a | Subtype a | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Pain (n = 115) | Pain (n = 922) | P Value | No Pain (n = 86) | Pain (n = 949) | P Value | Anterocollis (n = 59) | Laterocollis (n = 403) | Retrocollis (n = 55) | Torticollis (n = 493) | P Value | |
| Currently employed | 48.7% (55/113) | 43.7% (387/886) | 0.3142 | 46.5% (40/86) | 44.2% (403/911) | 0.6849 | 37.9% (22/58) | 45.7% (176/385) | 16.0% (8/50) | 47.1% (226/480) | 0.0003 |
| Employed when symptoms began | 43.1% (25/58) | 50.7% (253/499) | 0.2734 | 45.7% (21/46) | 50.0% (254/508) | 0.5722 | 44.4% (16/36) | 45.0% (94/209) | 52.4% (22/42) | 52.8% (134/254) | 0.3515 |
| Work stopped due to CD | 12.0% (3/25) | 41.1% (104/253) | 0.0043 | 14.3% (3/21) | 40.2% (102/254) | 0.0190 | 68.8% (11/16) | 31.9% (30/94) | 45.5% (10/22) | 40.3% (54/134) | 0.0392 |
| Employment status affected by CD | 0.0364 | 0.0489 | 0.0008 | ||||||||
| No | 89.1% (49/55) | 71.8% (278/387) | 92.5% (37/40) | 72.2% (291/403) | 68.2% (15/22) | 68.8% (121/176) | 50.0% (4/8) | 79.6% (180/226) | |||
| Yes: different job with less responsibility or pay | 5.5% (3/55) | 6.5% (25/387) | 2.5% (1/40) | 6.7% (27/403) | 9.1% (2/22) | 5.7% (10/176) | 12.5% (1/8) | 6.2% (14/226) | |||
| Yes: loss of employment | 0.0% (0/55) | 1.0% (4/387) | 0.0% (0/40) | 1.0% (4/403) | 9.1% (2/22) | 0.6% (1/176) | 0.0% (0/8) | 0.4% (1/226) | |||
| Yes: same job, reduced hours or responsibility | 5.5% (3/55) | 20.7% (80/387) | 5.0% (2/40) | 20.1% (81/403) | 13.6% (3/22) | 25.0% (44/176) | 37.5% (3/8) | 13.7% (31/226) | |||
| Decreased work productivity due to CD (presenteeism) | 32.7% (18/55) | 61.5% (238/387) | <0.0001 | 30.0% (12/40) | 60.5% (244/403) | 0.0002 | 72.7% (16/22) | 58.0% (102/176) | 75.0% (6/8) | 56.6% (128/226) | 0.3813 |
| Percentage of normal work productivity | 84.3 ± 18.0 | 71.0 ± 20.0 | 0.0070 | 84.2 ± 21.0 | 71.4 ± 20.0 | 0.0607 | 70.3 ± 23.6 | 71.9 ± 19.2 | 75.0 ± 14.8 | 72.4 ± 20.6 | 0.9506 |
| Missed work in the past month due to CD (absenteeism) | 3.6% (2/55) | 33.6% (130/387) | <0.0001 | 2.5% (1/40) | 32.5% (131/403) | <0.0001 | 45.5% (10/22) | 34.1% (60/176) | 37.5% (3/8) | 23.9% (54/226) | 0.0430 |
| Number of missed work days in past month | 3.5 ± 3.5 | 5.1 ± 6.4 | 0.6275 | 6.0 ± NA | 5.1 ± 6.4 | NA | 9.6 ± 9.5 | 4.1 ± 5.0 | 3.7 ± 2.3 | 5.5 ± 7.1 | 0.2975 |
Data are presented as percentage of those answering a particular question in the affirmative out of all those answering the question, except where otherwise noted. P values indicate significant differences in distribution within each group; shading indicates nonsignificance.
a
Of the 1,038 subjects in the analysis population, data were missing for 1 subject on the PNRS, for 3 subjects on the TWSTRS, and for 28 subjects on subtype.
NA, not applicable.