Table 2.

Selected breast cancer oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes present in the chromosomal regions affected by chromosomal abnormalities in MCF7, T47D, BT474, and SKBR3 cell lines following treatment with E₂ and TAM for 24, 48, and 96 h.

Chromosomal region		Cell line
	Genes	MCF7	T47D	BT474	SKBR3	Function	References
1p13.3	CSF1				X	Cell proliferation	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1p22	BCL10	X		X		Oncogene, apoptosis	Lin (2009)
1p22	BCAR3	X		X		Cell proliferation, resistance in breast cancer cell lines	Nakatani et al. (1999), Di Modugno et al. (2006), O’Brien et al. (2007)
1p32p31	JUN				X	Oncogen	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1p36.21	PRDM2				X	Tumor suppressor gene, binds to ER. Transcriptional regulation, E2 effector action	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1q11	MUC1				X	Cell physiology and pathology, up-regulated in breast cancer	Zaretsky et al. (2006)
1q21.1	CA14				X	Basic cellular metabolism; breast cancer	Orsetti et al. (2006), Beroukhim et al. (2010), Bignell et al. (2010)
1q21.3	PIP5K1A				X	Cell proliferation, breast cancer	Orsetti et al. (2006), Beroukhim et al. (2010), Bignell et al. (2010)
1q25.2-q25.3	COX2				X	Inflammation and mitogenesis	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
1q32	KISS				X	Cell motility, oncogene	Orsetti et al. (2006), Bignell et al. (2010), Beroukhim et al. (2010)
1q31	PTGS2				X	Inflammation, tumorigenesis	Dossus et al. (2010)
1q41	CENPF				X	Kinetochore assembly	Nakatani et al. (1999), Di Modugno et al. (2006), O’Brien et al. (2007)
1q42.12	ENAH				X	Cell shape and movement	Nakatani et al. (1999), Di Modugno et al. (2006), O’Brien et al. (2007)
1q44	AKT3				X	Proliferation, cell survival, and tumorigenesis	Nakatani et al. (1999), Di Modugno et al. (2006), O’Brien et al. (2007)
3p14	FHIT			X		Tumor suppressor gene; resistance to tamoxifen in MCF7 cells	Campiglio et al. (1999)
3p14	FOXP1			X		Tumor suppressor gene, multiple types of cancers	Banham et al. (2001)
3p14	LRIG1			X		Suppressor of receptor tyrosine kinases, breast cancer	Ljuslinder et al. (2005)
6p25	TFAP2A				X	Tumor supressor gene, breast cancer	Scibetta et al. (2010)
6p25	DUSP22				X	Signaling pathway, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
7p22	GPR30	X				G protein-coupled receptor 30, drug resistance	Wang et al. (2010)
7p22	SDK1	X				Cell adhesion protein, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
7q11.2	LIMK1				X	Organization of actin cytoskeleton	Laskowska et al. (2010)
7q11.2	HSPB1				X	Oncogenesis and resistance to various anti-cancer therapies	Laskowska et al. (2010)
7q11.2	AUTS2				X	Breast cancer	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
7q21	AKAP9	X				Protein that assembles protein kinases on the centrosome	Edwards & Scott (2000)
7q21	DMTF1	X				Transcriptional activator promoting p53/TP53-dependent growth arrest.	Sreeramaneni et al. (2005)
7q32	HIPK2	X				Tumor supressor gene, breast cancer	Pierantoni et al. (2007)
7q36	MNX1	X				Transcription factor, breast cancer	Nik-Zainal et al. (2012)
7q36	MLL3	X				Transcriptional coactivation, breast cancer	Nik-Zainal et al. (2012)
8p22	MTUS1	X		X		Tumor suppressor gene, breast cancer	Rodrigues-Ferreira et al. (2009)
8p23	CTSB	X		X		Metabolism, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in breast cancer	Rafn et al. (2012)
8p23	CSMD1	X		X		Tumor supressor gene, poor survival in breast cancer	Kamal et al. (2010), Curtis et al. (2012)
8p23	DLC1	X		X		Tumor suppressor gene, breast cancer	Popescu & Zimonjic (2002)
9p24	JAK2	X		X		Protein tyrosine kinase of the non-receptor type, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
9p24	RLN2	X		X		Development of mammary gland. Invasion in breast cancer	Radestock et al. (2008)
9p24	KANK1	X		X		Tumor supressor gene, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
9p24	JMJD2C	X		X		Demethylase, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
10p11.2	ABI1	X				Cell growth inhibitor, cancer progression, and prognosis	Cui et al. (2010)
11p15	HRAS	X	X			Signal transduction, tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer	Hae-Young Yong et al. (2011)
11p15	CTSD	X	X			Invasion and metastasis	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
11p15	CD151	X	X			Signal transduction, breast cancer	Ivyna Bong et al. (2011)
11p15	RRM1	X	X			Tumor supressor gene, DNA repair	Kim et al. (2011)
11p15	MMP26	X	X			Migration and angiogenesis, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
11p15	CDKN1C	X	X			Negative regulator of cell cycle	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
11q23	ATM		X			Tumor supressor gene, DNA repair	Roy et al. (2006)
11q23	CRYAB		X			Molecular chaperone function, metastasis in breast cancer	Chelouche-Lev et al. (2004)
11q23	ETS1		X			Transcripction factor, breast cancer	Lincoln & Bove (2005)
11q23	CCND1		X			Cell cycle G1/S transition, tumorigenesis in various carcinomas	Lundgren et al. (2008)
11q23	PGR		X			Signal transduction, breast cancer	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
15q10	BUB1B			X		Mitotic spindle checkpoint, chromosomal instability in breast cancer	Scintu et al. (2007)
15q15	THBS1			X		Invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
15q26.3	IGF1R			X		Cell growth and survival control, breast cancer	Kang et al. (2014)
17q24	BIRC5		X			Apoptosis inhibition	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
18q21.1	SMAD4	X				Transcription factor, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012), Nik-Zainal et al. (2012)
18q21.1	BCL2	X				Cell death, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
18q21.2	DCC	X				Apoptosis, breast cancer	Koren et al. (2003)
19q13	ATF5				X	Cell cycle progression, breast cancer	Al Sarraj et al. (2005), Watatani et al. (2007)
19q13	LILRA6				X	Receptor for class I MHC antigens, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
19q13	CYP2A6				X	Metabolism of pharmaceutical drugs, directly induced by estradiol	Higashi et al. (2007)
19q13	TGFB1				X	Cell division and death, imply in tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer	Achuthan et al. (2001), Popescu & Zimonjic (2002), Jansen et al. (2005), Ivanovic et al. (2006)
19q13	CEACAM1				X	Cell survival, differentiation, and growth, breast cancer	Luo et al. (1997), Riethdorf et al. (1997)
20q11.22	E2F1	X				Tumor suppressor gene	Stender et al. (2007)
20q13.1	CDH4	X				Cell adhesion proteins, breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
20q13.1	MMP9	X				Metastasis and cancer cell invasion, breast cancer	Kousidou et al. (2004)
20q13.31	AURKA	X				Cell proliferation, breast cancer	Cox et al. (2006)
22q13	ATF4			X		Adaptation of cells to stress factors, multidrug resistant gene	Igarashi et al. (2007)
22q13	SERHL2			X		Breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
22q13	LARGE			X		Breast cancer	Curtis et al. (2012)
22q13	XRCC6			X		Apoptosis induction, breast cancer	Nik-Zainal et al. (2012)