Table 3.

Multiple logistic regression analyses of bacterial coexistence

Covariate		M. catarrhalis	S. pneumoniae	S. aureus	H. parainfluenzae	H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis (n = 663)	n (%)	-	168 (73.0)	81 (42.9)	66 (60.0)	10 (50.0)
	β		0.6	−1.0	−0.1	−1.0
	aOR (95 % CI)		1.9 (1.3–2.8)*	0.4 (0.3–0.6)*	1.0 (0.6–1.7)	0.4 (0.1–1.2)
S. pneumoniae (n = 230)	n (%)	168 (25.3)	-	18 (9.5)	42 (38.2)	3 (15.0)
	β	0.7		−1.2	0.6	−1.2
	aOR (95 % CI)	2.0 (1.3–3.0)*		0.3 (0.2–0.6)*	1.8 (1.0–3.2)*	0.3 (0.1–1.7)
S. aureus (n = 189)	n (%)	81 (12.2)	18 (7.8)	-	8 (7.3)	2 (10.0)
	β	−0.9	−1.2		−1.4	−0.2
	aOR (95 % CI)	0.4 (0.3–0.6)*	0.3 (0.2–0.6)*		0.2 (0.1–0.6)*	0.8 (0.1–4.3)
H. parainfluenzae (n = 110)	n (%)	66 (10.0)	42 (18.3)	8 (4.2)	-	0 (0)
	β	0.1	0.6	−1.3		−17.8
	aOR (95 % CI)	1.1 (0.6–1.8)	1.9 (1.1–3.3)*	0.3 (0.1–0.7)*		0 (0-NaN)
H. influenzae (n = 20)	n (%)	10 (1.5)	3 (1.3)	2 (1.1)	0 (0)	-
	β	−0.9	−0.6	0.1	−19.1
	aOR (95 % CI)	0.4 (0.1–1.3)	0.6 (0.1–2.8)	1.1 (0.2–5.4)	0 (0-NaN)

aOR adjusted for age, gender, history of RTI symptoms and antibiotic consumption, education levels of parents, and location of kindergartens

^* p < 0.05