Table 4.
Concentration index of household catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment
| Overall | Households with at least one member with NCDs | Households without any member with NCDs | P-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catastrophic health expenditure, Concentration index (SE) | ||||
| Slum areas | −0.35 (0.07)*** | −0.30 (0.09)*** | −0.37 (0.12)** | 0.60 |
| Non-slum areas | −0.29 (0.10)** | −0.31 (0.12)** | −0.19 (0.17) | 0.54 |
| P-valueb | 0.60 | 0.94 | 0.38 | |
| Impoverishment, Concentration index (SE) | ||||
| Slum areas | −0.40 (0.08)*** | −0.42 (0.12)*** | −0.36 (0.10)*** | 0.70 |
| Non-slum areas | −0.23 (0.23) | −0.26 (0.35) | −0.21 (0.30) | 0.92 |
| P-valueb | 0.50 | 0.65 | 0.63 | |
NCDs non-communicable diseases, SE standard error
aIndependent t-test to compare between households with at least one member with and without NCDs
bIndependent t-test to compare households in slum and non-slum areas within each column
**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 (t-test to compare the concentration index with 0)