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. 2016 Oct 17;7:427. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00427

Table 2.

Evaluation of early adjuvant activity after primary immunization.a

Adjuvants Immune response

T cell responseb B cell responsec

Ag-specific CD4+ T cell response Th subtype
Ag-specific Tfh cells Early Ag-specific Ab response Short-lived PCs GC-B cells
Th1 Th2 Th17
o/w squalene ++ + + + +++ ++ ++
Alum +++ + ++
CAF01 +++ +++ +++ +++ +++
CpG + +++ + +

aEvaluation of the adjuvant activity: +++, excellent; ++, very good; +, good; –, no response.

bT cell response assessed 7 days after priming, in draining lymph nodes (Ag-specific CD4+ T cell response and Ag-specific Tfh cells) and in the spleen (Th subtype). Ag-specific Th cells were detected with Ag85B-complexed MHC II tetramers; Th subtype was based on Ag-specific cytokine production.

cB cell response assessed 12 days after priming, in blood (early Ag-specific Ab response) and draining lymph nodes (short-lived PCs and GC-B cells); PCs, plasma cells; GC, germinal center.