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. 2016 Jan 27;19(2):196–205. doi: 10.1111/ner.12384

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© 2016 The Authors. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Neuromodulation Society

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Pharmacy utilization by treatment group over 12 months. * Indicates a statistically significant difference at the p < 0.05 level for the time point(s) listed. No adjustments made for multiple comparisons. CMM, conventional medical management; ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; IDD, intrathecal drug delivery; IP, inpatient; LOS, length of stay; OP, outpatient.