Table 2.

Framework for planning/reporting data collection

Study planning component	Items for consideration
Comprehensiveness of survey design	• Which OOP expenditures are included?
	• What is the level of disaggregation in cost ingredients and how long is the survey?
	• Are any context‐specific variables included?
	• How is income measured, and whose income is collected (i.e., personal or household income)?
Time frame and recall	• What is the recall period for the survey? Is it appropriate to capture all economic outcomes?
	• What is the complexity of the disease pathway? Is there resulting potential for recall bias?
	• Is there potential for cost truncation in the context of chronic disease and/or future complications?
	• Are coping strategies used to estimate the long‐term economic impact of health spending?
	• What is the recall period for income measurement (i.e., current vs. pre‐diagnosis)?
Sample size and representativeness	• What is the confidence interval and margin of error deemed acceptable?
	• If estimating impoverishing expenditures, what is the distribution of pre‐diagnosis income relative to the poverty line?
	• Are any adjustments to sample size required to account for clustering or non‐response?
Data sources and survey administration	• Is a cost diary or recall used to capture expenditures?
	• Are data supplemented with any additional data sources, such as retrospective records review or GIS data?
	• Where is the interview conducted and by whom?
	• What is the medium of collecting and recording data (i.e., electronic, paper, or telephone surveys)?

GIS, geographic information system.