Table 1.

Characteristics of eligible studies.

Study	Mean Age (Range), Years	% Male	Participants	n-PUFA dose grams/day	Trial duration	Control oil	IS Measure	Mean Baseline IS	Dropout
Abete 200845	36	56.20%	Non-diabetic, obese subjects ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-16$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-16$	Experimental group had fish based diet 3 days a week, while control did not.	8 weeks	NA	HOMA IR	2.65	E -20% C-20%
Ingrid LM 200626	(40–75)	50%	Type 2 Diabetic ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-12$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-14$	2.42 g per day	9 weeks	Corn oil	Glucose utilization measured by hyperinsulinemic isoglycemic clamp	NA	E -7.7% C-0%
Ingrid T 199540	53.67	64%	Non-diabetic, untreated HTN ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-38$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-40$	4 g per day	16 weeks	Corn oil	ISI -hyperglycemic clamps	0.17	E -9.5% C-4.8%
Josune 201036	75	20%	Required TEN ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-17$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-20$	0.138 g per day	6 months	NA	HOMA IR, QUICKI	a1.14 b0.41	E -47% C-39%
Maiken 201041	14.3	100%	Slightly over weight ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-38$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-40$	1.5 g per day	16 weeks	Mixture of Palm, soy and rapseed oil	HOMA IR	1.1	10.3% combined
Morvarid 200742	55	0%	Type 2 Diabetic ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-12$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-14$	1.8 g per day	2 months	Paraffin oil	HOMA S	69.1	10.3% overall
Spadaro 200843	50.73	52.80%	NAFLD ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-18$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-18$	2 g per day	6 months	NA	HOMA IR	3.75	E -10% C-10%
Stefano 200935	29.9	50%	OPD ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-26$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-24$	2 g per day	12 weeks	Olive oil	QUICKI	0.35	E -0% C-0%
Tracy 200744	38.49	20%	Abdominally obese	c11 g per day	8 weeks	NA	QUICKI	0.34	E -0% C-3.6%
Woodman 200237	61.2	76%	Type 2 Diabetic with treated HTN ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-29$d ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-13$	4 g per day	6 weeks	Olive oil	ISI measured by low-dose insulin and glucose infusion test	5.46	28.8% overall
Rosalba 200625 (MUFA and SAFA diet groups combined)	48.74	53%	Healthy subjects, non-diabetic MUFA: ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-35$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-39$ SAFA: ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\ast }-40$ ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }-42$	3.6 gper day	3 months	Olive oil	ISI measured with MINMOD program	4.44	3.7% overall

${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }$ ^– subjects in experimental group who completed the trials, ${\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\ast }$ ^– subjects in the control group who completed the trials, E - Intervention group, C – Control group, HTN – Hypertension, NA – Not Available, ISI – Insulin sensitivity index, OPD – Offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes, TEN – Total Enteral Nutrition, NAFLD – Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

^a– HOMA IR score.

^b– QUICKI score.

^c– Flaxseed oil.

^d– Combined EPA and DHA groups.