Table 2.
Statistic results of the baseline atrophy indicators and their longitudinal changing rate for AD, MCI, and NC group.
| Group | Atrophy indicators at baseline |
Atrophy indicators’ changing rate (per year) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GMV | Cortical thickness | GMV | Cortical thickness | ||
| Value (mean ±SD) | AD | -1.487 ± 0.520 | -0.074 ± 0.053 | -0.092 ± 0.090 | -0.012 ± 0.007 |
| MCI | -1.121 ± 0.505 | -0.032 ± 0.024 | -0.056 ± 0.053 | -0.005 ± 0.003 | |
| NC | -0.733 ± 0.240 | -0.019 ± 0.012 | -0.030 ± 0.044 | -0.003 ± 0.003 | |
| Kruskal–Wallis testa | H = 24.33, p < 0.0001 | H = 18.34, p = 0.0002 | H = 8.25, p = 0.0160 | H = 19.43, p < 0.0001 | |
| Pairwise post hoc testa,b | AD vs. MCI | p = 0.0282 | p = 0.0138 | p = 0.1618 | p = 0.0006 |
| AD vs. NC | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.0002 | p = 0.0178 | p < 0.0001 | |
| MCI vs. NC | p = 0.0009 | p = 0.0473 | p = 0.1618 | p = 0.0045 | |
AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; NC, normal control; GMV, gray matter volume; SD, standard deviation.
aThe p-values were adjusted by Holm–Bonferroni method. Null hypotheses (no significant difference) were rejected at level α = 0.05.
bMann–Whitney U test for pairwise comparison. Boldfaced characters represent the statistically significant results.