Table 2.
Concentrations of chlorogenic acids, biomass, antioxidant capacity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopic composition, and absolute amount of total chlorogenic acids per plant (ATC) in the leaves of honeysuckle plants in non-saline and saline plots in October 2014 and 2015.
| October 2014 | October 2015 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-saline | Saline | Non-saline | Saline | |
| 3-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 6.19 ± 1.55b | 12.29 ± 2.34a | 8.68 ± 1.31b | 16.58 ± 3.14a |
| 5-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 0.62 ± 0.15a | 0.77 ± 0.17a | 0.10 ± 0.01a | 0.11 ± 0.01a |
| 4-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 0.50 ± 0.18b | 0.80 ± 0.16a | 0.29 ± 0.01b | 0.48 ± 0.08a |
| 3,5-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 5.87 ± 0.64b | 8.67 ± 0.44a | 8.13 ± 1.04b | 17.49 ± 2.36a |
| 3,4-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 0.43 ± 0.23b | 0.47 ± 0.07a | 0.44 ± 0.06b | 0.70 ± 0.12a |
| 1,5-CQA (mg g-1 DW) | 2.38 ± 0.49b | 3.82 ± 0.35a | 1.45 ± 0.36b | 3.86 ± 0.72a |
| Total CQAs (mg g-1 DW) | 16.95 ± 2.20b | 26.45 ± 2.53a | 19.09 ± 3.61b | 39.19 ± 7.33a |
| DPPH scavenging rate (%) | 44.80 ± 4.33b | 69.79 ± 6.34a | 49.80 ± 5.81b | 75.54 ± 5.64a |
| PAL activity (mg g-1 protein) | 12.02 ± 3.20b | 20.40 ± 2.20a | 17.25 ± 3.53b | 28.63 ± 3.68a |
| MDA content (nmol g-1 FW) | 54.97 ± 7.01a | 50.93 ± 8.01a | 40.19 ± 4.01a | 44.98 ± 5.21a |
| Dry weight (g plant-1) | 51.98 ± 4.12a | 36.94 ± 2.99b | 78.16 ± 8.02a | 50.23 ± 6.55b |
| ATC (g plant-1) | 0.87 ± 0.05b | 0.97 ± 0.03a | 1.51 ± 0.17b | 1.9 ± 0.20a |
| δ13C (‰) | -27.76 ± 0.19b | -26.72 ± 0.25a | -28.50 ± 0.23b | -26.79 ± 0.63a |
| δ18O (‰) | 23.60 ± 0.18b | 24.81 ± 0.39a | 24.59 ± 0.26b | 25.33 ± 0.28a |
Data are expressed as the mean of four replicate plots (±SD). Within each row, different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) at the same sampling time. DW and FW indicate dry and fresh weight, respectively. Chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C, and total chlorogenic acids are indicated by 3-CQA, 5-CQA, 4-CQA, 3,5-CQA, 3,4-CQA, 1,5-CQA, and total CQAs, respectively.