Table 3.
Pathophysiological roles of FGFs in the human heart.
| Function | Effect | Disease | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PARACRINE SIGNAL | |||
| FGF2 | Gain-of-function | Promotion | Inflammatory pericardial disease |
| Gain-of-function | Promotion | Type 4 cardiorenal syndrome | |
| Gain-of-function | Protection | TGFβ1-induced cardiac remodeling | |
| FGF16 | Loss-of-function | Promotion | Myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation |
| FGF21 | Gain-of-function | Atrial fibrillation with rheumatic heart disease | |
| FGF23 | Gain-of-function | Promotion | Left ventricular hypertrophy |
| Serum levels | Disease | ||
| SERUM BIOMARKER | |||
| FGF15/19 | Decrease | Coronary artery disease | |
| FGF21 | Increase | Coronary artery disease | |
| FGF23 | Increase | Acute decompensated heart failure | |
| Increase | Kawasaki syndrome | ||
| Increase | Left ventricular hypertrophy | ||
| Increase | Oncostatin-dependent heart disease | ||