Table 4.
Impact of Drinking Behavior on Risk of Serious Mental Illness (K6 ≥ 13)
| Model 1a (n = 44,358) | Model 2b (n = 44,358) | Model 3c (n = 44,358) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Reference (Group E): Light drinkers | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Group A: Nondrinkers | 1.34 | 1.25 to 1.43 | 1.14 | 1.06 to 1.23 | 1.14 | 1.06 to 1.23 |
| Group B: Newly started light drinkers | 1.99 | 1.76 to 2.25 | 1.79 | 1.58 to 2.03 | 1.74 | 1.54 to 1.98 |
| Group C: Newly started heavy drinkers | 5.20 | 3.62 to 7.47 | 4.74 | 3.25 to 6.92 | 4.13 | 2.81 to 6.08 |
| Group D: Abstainers | 1.82 | 1.57 to 2.12 | 1.47 | 1.26 to 1.72 | 1.44 | 1.23 to 1.69 |
| Group F: Heavy drinkers | 1.24 | 1.12 to 1.37 | 1.31 | 1.18 to 1.45 | 1.26 | 1.13 to 1.40 |
| Background information | ||||||
| Gender (reference: Men) | ||||||
| Women | 1.46 | 1.37 to 1.56 | 1.50 | 1.40 to 1.60 | ||
| Age (reference: 20 to 49 years old) | ||||||
| 50 to 64 years old | 1.09 | 1.02 to 1.17 | 1.02 | 0.95 to 1.09 | ||
| 65 years and older | 1.12 | 1.04 to 1.22 | 0.96 | 0.88 to 1.04 | ||
| Educational attainment (reference: Primary or Middle school) | ||||||
| High school | 0.91 | 0.85 to 0.99 | 0.85 | 0.79 to 0.92 | ||
| Vocational college or junior college | 0.82 | 0.75 to 0.91 | 0.78 | 0.71 to 0.86 | ||
| University or graduate school | 0.77 | 0.68 to 0.87 | 0.73 | 0.64 to 0.82 | ||
| History of mental illness (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 5.58 | 5.08 to 6.13 | 5.40 | 4.91 to 5.94 | ||
| Socioeconomic factors | ||||||
| Change in work (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.76 | 1.65 to 1.93 | 1.56 | 1.44 to 1.68 | ||
| Loss of employment (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.27 | 1.18 to 1.36 | 1.20 | 1.12 to 1.29 | ||
| Decrease in income (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.05 | 0.98 to 1.14 | 1.05 | 0.98 to 1.14 | ||
| Disaster‐related factors | ||||||
| House damage (reference: Less than partial collapse) | ||||||
| Partial collapse and more severe | 1.26 | 1.17 to 1.36 | ||||
| Experience of tsunami (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.10 | 1.03 to 1.18 | ||||
| Experience of nuclear plant accidentd (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.72 | 1.62 to 1.83 | ||||
| Loss of family or relatives (reference: No) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.54 | 1.44 to 1.64 | ||||
a
Model 1: Unadjusted odds ratio.
b
Model 2: Odds ratio adjusted by background information and socioeconomic factors.
c
Model 3: Odds ratio adjusted by background information, socioeconomic factors, and disaster‐related factors.
d
Defined as having heard the explosion caused by the nuclear accident.