FIG 9.
Trophic forms suppress LTA- and LPS-mediated cytokine production. BMDCs from adult BALB/cJ mice were incubated with 5 × 105 trophic forms, 10 μg/ml LTA (A to C), and/or 100 ng/ml LPS (D to F) for 72 h. IL-1β (A and D), IL-6 (B and E), and TNF-α (C and F) cytokine production was quantified by ELISA. Data are means ± standard deviations for 3 biological replicates per group and are representative of 3 separate experiments. One-way ANOVA with a Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test was used to compare supernatant cytokine concentrations among the groups when the data were parametric (D and E) (***, P ≤ 0.001). Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks was used to compare differences among the groups when the data were nonparametric (A, B, C, and F) (*, P ≤ 0.05).