Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of subjects and classification by Chinese guidelines for body mass index (BMI) indicating normal, overweight, and obese.^a

	All	BMI <24.0b	BMI ≥24.0–<28.0c	BMI ≥28.0d
Age, years	61.3 ± 0.8	59.0 ± 1.4	62.2 ± 1.0	62.4 ± 2.2
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	8.70 ± 0.24	8.99 ± 0.48	8.52 ± 0.28	8.82 ± 0.83
2-hr glucose, mmol/L	14.60 ± 0.42	14.61 ± 0.85	14.41 ± 0.51	15.37 ± 1.21
Fasting insulin, mU/L	22.9 ± 1.3	16.0 ± 1.3B	24.4 ± 1.8A	32.4 ± 4.2A
2-hr insulin, mU/L	89.4 ± 3.9	76.2 ± 6.9B	89.9 ± 5.0B	114.8 ± 9.8A
HOMA-IR	9.0 ± 0.6	6.6 ± 0.7B	9.4 ± 0.8A	13.2 ± 2.4A
Fructosamine, μmol/L	343 ± 6	338 ± 11	344 ± 8	350 ± 13
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	125.3 ± 1.2	122.9 ± 2.6	125.1 ± 1.5	131.4 ± 3.4
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	77.0 ± 0.7	75.4 ± 1.4B	76.7 ± 0.8B	81.3 ± 2.2A
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.16 ± 0.09	5.19 ± 0.17	5.10 ± 0.11	5.35 ± 0.17
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.46 ± 0.08	3.56 ± 0.15	3.38 ± 0.11	3.59 ± 0.20
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.27 ± 0.03	1.41 ± 0.07A	1.23 ± 0.03B	1.16 ± 0.04B
Triacylglycerols, mmol/L	2.12 ± 0.13	1.54 ± 0.15B	2.32 ± 0.16A	2.54 ± 0.59A

^aMean ± SEM; Means (by BMI classification) in a row with superscripts (uppercase alphabets) are significantly different if they do not share a common letter. BMI classifications are based on recommendations from the Chinese Diabetes Association.

^bn = 37–41 for glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and blood pressure and 32 for lipids and fructosamine.

^cn = 77 for glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and blood pressure and 63 for lipids and fructosamine.

^dn = 17–19 for glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and blood pressure and 14–15 for lipids & fructosamine.