Table 2.

Gut–lung crosstalk

Major finding	Study type	Reference
Cross-transfusion of mesenteric lymph from donors after shock/trauma induces acute lung injury in recipients	Rodent	[97]
Post-shock mesenteric lymph contains increased amounts of bioactive lysophospholipids and PUFAs	Rodent	[101]
Post-shock mesenteric lymph contains increased amounts of free fatty acids	Rodent	[102]
The detrimental effects of post-shock mesenteric lymph can be reversed by the addition of albumin	Rodent	[103]
Inhibition of PLA2 inhibits the cytotoxic activity of post-shock mesenteric lymph	Rodent	[105]
Levels of Paneth cell-derived α-defensin 4 (an antimicrobial peptide) are increased in post-shock mesenteric lymph	Rodent	[107]
Endogenous alarmins are abundantly released from the intestines in post-shock mesenteric lymph	Rodent	[113]

Pertinent studies that addressed the interactions between intestinal pathology and lung injury

PLA ₂ phospholipase A2, PUFA poly-unsaturated fatty acids