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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2017 Feb;13:34–39. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.09.007

Figure. Conceptual model for aging in addiction.

Figure

This figure illustrates the progression of disease among drug addicted individuals, from presenting phenotypic conditions constituting risk factors, through interacting with pathophysiological processes to cumulative organ system injury, and outcome of advanced clinical disease and eventually death.