Table 2. Overview of mtDNA diversity in other Littorinidae, various highly diverse planktonic-dispersers and hyperdiverse mollusc species.
Taxa are listed by decreasing value of haplotype diversity.
| Species | Larval development | Sampling area | N | Locus | L | Hd | π | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other Littorinidae | |||||||||
| Temperate species | |||||||||
| Littorina saxatilis | Mo | d | North Atlantic | 453 | ND1-tRNApro-ND6-Cytb | 1,154 | 0.940 | 0.005 | Doellman et al. (2011) |
| North Atlantic | 778 | Cytb | 607 | 0.905 | 0.009 | Panova et al. (2011) | |||
| Tectarius striatus | Mo | p (unknown) | Macaronesia | 109 | COI-Cytb | 993 | 0.934 | 0.006 | Van den Broeck et al. (2008) |
| Littorina keenae | Mo | p (unknown) | North Pacific | 584 | ND6-Cytb | 762 | 0.815 | 0.003 | Lee & Boulding (2007) |
| Littorina littorea | Mo | p (28–42 days) | North Atlantic | 488 | COI | 424 | 0.810 | 0.004 | Calculated from data in Wares et al. (2002), Williams, Reid & Littlewood (2003), Williams & Reid (2004), Giribet et al. (2006), Blakeslee, Byers & Lesser (2008), Layton, Martel & Hebert (2014) |
| Littorina plena | Mo | p (64 days) | NE Pacific | 135 | Cytb | 414 | 0.775 | 0.006 | Lee & Boulding (2009) |
| Littorina obtusata | Mo | d | North Atlantic | 46 | COI | 582 | 0.762 | 0.006 | Calculated from data in Wares & Cunningham (2001) |
| NW Atlantic | 31 | COI | 574 | 0.127 | 0.001 | Calculated from data in Layton, Martel & Hebert (2014) | |||
| Bembicium vittatum | Mo | d | Indian Ocean | 40 | 12S | 324 | 0.730 | – | Kennington, Hevroy & Johnson (2012) |
| Austrolittorina unifasciata | Mo | p (4 weeks) | Australia | 102 | COI | 658 | 0.541 | 0.002 | Calculated from data in Colgan et al. (2003), Williams, Reid & Littlewood (2003), Waters, Mcculloch & Eason (2007) |
| Littorina scutulata | Mo | p (37–70 days) | NE Pacific | 265 | Cytb | 414 | 0.389 | 0.003 | Lee & Boulding (2009) |
| Littorina subrotundata | Mo | d | NE Pacific | 229 | Cytb | 414 | 0.297 | 0.001 | Lee & Boulding (2009) |
| Austrolittorina antipodum | Mo | p (4 weeks) | New Zealand | 40 | COI | 658 | 0.146 | 0.001 | Calculated from data in Williams, Reid & Littlewood (2003), Waters, Mcculloch & Eason (2007) |
| Littorina sitkana | Mo | d | NE Pacific | 146 | Cytb | 414 | 0.093 | 0.001 | Lee & Boulding (2009) |
| Tropical species | |||||||||
| Echinolittorina reticulata | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 37 | COI | 1,251 | 1.000 | 0.009 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Echinolittorina vidua | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 92 | COI | 1,217 | 0.996 | 0.041 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Echinolittorina trochoides C | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 14 | COI | 1,251 | 0.989 | 0.006 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Littoraria coccinea glabrata | Mo | p (unknown) | Indian Ocean | 45 | COI | 451 | 0.954 | 0.006 | Silva et al. (2013) |
| Echinolittorina trochoides A | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 46 | COI | 1,251 | 0.943 | 0.009 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Echinolittorina trochoides B | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 18 | COI | 1,251 | 0.935 | 0.004 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Bembicium nanum | Mo | p (weeks) | Australia | 54 | COI | 806 | 0.920 | 0.006 | Ayre, Minchinton & Perrin (2009) |
| Echinolittorina trochoides E | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 21 | COI | 1,251 | 0.900 | 0.003 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Echinolittorina trochoides D | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Indo-Pacific | 20 | COI | 1,251 | 0.884 | 0.003 | Reid et al. (2006) |
| Cenchritis muricatus | Mo | p (4 weeks) | Caribbean | 77 | COI | 282 | 0.850 | 0.008 | Díaz-Ferguson et al. (2012) |
| Echinolittorina ziczac | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | Caribbean Sea | 31 | COI | 431 | 0.750 | 0.004 | Díaz-Ferguson et al. (2012) |
| Echinolittorina lineolata | Mo | p (3–4 weeks) | South Atlantic | 496 | COI | 441 | 0.704 | 0.003 | Calculated from Genbank data KJ857561 –KJ858054 and Williams & Reid (2004) |
| South Atlantic | 442 | Cytb | 203 | 0.284 | 0.002 | Calculated from Genbank data KM210838 –KM211279 | |||
| Littoraria scabra | Mo | p (unknown) | Indo- Pacific | 50 | COI | 527 | 0.690 | 0.003 | Silva et al. (2013) |
| Littoraria irrorata | Mo | p (4 weeks) | NE Atlantic | 238 | COI | 682 | 0.546 | 0.004 | Calculated from data in Díaz-Ferguson et al. (2010), Robinson et al. (2010), Reid, Dyal & Williams (2010) |
| Other highly diverse planktonic-dispersing marine invertebrates | |||||||||
| Glaucus atlanticus | Mo | p (lifelong) | Worldwide | 112 | COI | 658 | 0.996 | 0.014 | calculated from data in Churchill, Alejandrino & Valdés (2013), Churchill, Valdés & Ó Foighil (2014), Wecker et al. (2015) |
| Pygospio elegans | An | p (4–5 weeks) | North Sea | 23 | COI | 600 | 0.996 | 0.014 | Kesäniemi, Geuverink & Knott (2012) |
| Argopecten irradians concentricus | Mo | p (5–19 days) | NW Atlantic | 219 | mtDNA | 1,025 | 0.982 | 0.008 | Marko & Barr (2007) |
| Brachidontes pharaonis | Mo | p (weeks) | Mediterranean-Red Sea | 34 | COI | 618 | 0.973 | 0.039 | Terranova et al. (2007) |
| Ruditapes philippinarum | Mo | p (2–3 weeks) | NW Pacific | 170 | COI | 644 | 0.960 | 0.010 | Mao et al. (2011) |
| Cellana sandwicensis | Mo | p (4 days) | Hawaii | 109 | COI | 612 | 0.960 | 0.006 | Bird et al. (2007) |
| Holothuria nobilis | Ec | p (13–26 days) | Indo-Pacific | 360 | COI | 559 | 0.942 | 0.008 | Uthicke & Benzie (2003) |
| Tridacna maxima | Mo | p (9 days) | Indo-Pacific | 211 | COI | 484 | 0.940 | 0.023 | Nuryanto & Kochzius (2009)) |
| Tridacna crocea | Mo | p (1 week) | Indo-Malaysia | 300 | COI | 456 | 0.930 | 0.015 | Kochzius & Nuryanto (2008)) |
| Pachygrapsus crassipes | Ar | p (95 days) | NE Pacific | 346 | COI | 710 | 0.923 | 0.009 | Cassone & Boulding (2006) |
| Tripneustes gratilla | Ec | p (18 days) | Indo-Pacific | 83 | COI | 573 | 0.902 | 0.004 | calculated from data in Lessios, Kane & Robertson (2003) |
| Holothuria polii | Ec | p (13–26 days) | Mediterranean Sea | 158 | COI | 484 | 0.873 | 0.005 | Vergara-Chen et al. (2010) |
| Nacella magellanica | Mo | p (unknown) | SW Atlantic | 171 | COI | 573–650 | 0.868 | 0.004 | Aranzamendi, Bastida & Gardenal (2011) |
| Bursa fijiensis | Mo | p (8 weeks) | SW Pacific | 59 | COI | 566 | 0.848 | 0.003 | Castelin et al. (2012) |
| Acropora cervicornis | Cn | p (4 days) | Caribbean | 160 | mtCR | 941 | 0.847 | 0.006 | Vollmer & Palumbi (2007) |
| Other hyperdiverse mollusc species | |||||||||
| Pliocardia kuroshimana | Mo | p | NW Pacific | 3 | mtDNA | 513 | 1.000 | 0.256* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Bulinus forskalii | Mo | – | – | 12 | mtDNA | 339 | 1.000 | 0.167* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Pyrgulopsis intermedia | Mo | d | – | 15 | mtDNA | 528 | 0.924 | 0.148* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Euhadra brandtii | Mo | n/a | – | 14 | mtDNA | 558 | 0.989 | 0.098* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Biomphalaria glabrata | Mo | d | – | 7 | mtDNA | 579 | 0.714 | 0.092* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Achatinella mustelina | Mo | n/a | – | 69 | mtDNA | 675 | 0.992 | 0.078* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Quincuncina infucata | Mo | d | – | 5 | mtDNA | 453 | 1.000 | 0.067* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
| Pyrgulopsis thompsoni | Mo | d | – | 7 | mtDNA | 657 | 0.952 | 0.066* | James, Piganeau & Eyre-Walker (2016) |
Notes.
- An
- Annelida
- Ar
- Arthropoda
- Cn
- Cnidaria;
- Ec
- Echinodermata
- Mo
- Mollusca
- d
- direct larval development
- p
- planktonic larval development (pelagic larval duration given in parenthesis)
- n/a
- not applicable
- N
- number of individuals
- L
- locus length in base pairs
- Hd
- haplotype diversity
- π
- nucleotide diversity
–
missing data.
*
π calculated at synonymous sites only (πsyn).