Table 2. HLS1 associations with schizophrenia features.

Phenotype measure	Beta	s.e.	P-value
SAPS: total populationa	−0.022	0.01	0.0227
SAPS: childhood onset	−0.03	0.03	0.28
SAPS: adolescent onset	0.003	0.017	0.83
SAPS: adult onset	−0.038	0.013	0.00361
SANS: malesb	0.027	0.017	0.119

Abbreviations: SANS, scale for the assessment of negative symptoms; SAPS, scale for the assessment of positive symptoms.

Results from regression analyses of DUF1220 subtype HLS1 copy number versus positive symptom score (SAPS), negative symptom score (SANS) stratified by age of onset. The stratified population description is available in Supplementary Table 2.

P-values meeting statistical significance (<0.05) are in bold.

^aHLS1 versus SAPS model includes SANS and age as covariates; age-specific models include SANS as a covariate.

^bHLS1 versus SANS model includes SAPS as covariate.