Reversal of 3Cpro-mediated transcription inhibition by 2C in vitro in HeLa cell extract. In vitro RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription was performed in HeLa nuclear extracts as described in Materials and Methods. RNA polymerase II transcription was carried out in the presence of 100 μg of HeLa nuclear extract plus 2C buffer (lane 1), 2.5 μg of 2C (lane 2), 1 μg of 3Cpro (lane 3), 2.5 μg of wt 2C and 1 μg of 3Cpro (lane 4), 2.5 μg of mutant (Δ101-270) 2C and 1 μg of 3Cpro (lane 5), or 2.5 μg of mutant (Δ101-270) 2C (lane 6). The arrow indicates the appropriate transcript.