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. 2016 Oct 18;11:464. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1670-8

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 5 — Top-view SEM images of the perovskite layers deposited a WO₃ NL, b WO₃ NAs, c WO₃ NL/Cs₂CO₃/PCBM, and d WO₃ NAs/Cs₂CO₃/PCBM