Table 2.
Post-operative complications and outcome data of patients with ejection ≤40 % who underwent cardiac surgery: comparisons between survived and dead patients
| Variable | Total (N = 781) | Survived (N = 737) | Dead (N = 44) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Post-operative complications | ||||
| Post-operative AMI, n | 19 (2.4 %) | 17 (2.3 %) | 2 (4.5 %) | 0.3 |
| Post-operative peak troponin value, ng/ml | 8.03 (4.4–15) | 7.83 (4.3–14.35) | 21.32 (8.07–29.73) | <0.001 |
| Post-operative AF, n | 202 (26 %) | 191 (26 %) | 11 (25 %) | 0.9 |
| LCOS, n | 271 (35 %) | 238 (32 %) | 33 (75 %) | <0.001 |
| Inotropes more than 48 h, n | 233 (30 %) | 204 (28 %) | 29 (66 %) | <0.001 |
| Cardiogenic shock, n | 49 (6.3 %) | 25 (3.4 %) | 24 (55 %) | <0.001 |
| Post-operative peak creatinine value, mg/dl | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 0.004 |
| AKI, n | 195 (25 %) | 157 (21 %) | 38 (86 %) | <0.001 |
| RRT, n | 46 (5.9 %) | 24 (3.3 %) | 22 (50 %) | <0.001 |
| Bleeding in the first 12 postoperative hours, ml | 280 (200–400) | 280 (200–400) | 260 (180–425) | 0.9 |
| Total post-operative bleeding, ml | 460 (300–720) | 460 (300–720) | 585 (455–735) | 0.2 |
| Need for blood products transfusion, n | 263 (34 %) | 232 (31 %) | 31 (70 %) | <0.001 |
| RBC transfusions, n of units per patient | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 3 (0–6.5) | <0.001 |
| FFP transfusions, n of units per patient | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–3) | <0.001 |
| PLT transfusions, n of units per patient | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0.5) | <0.001 |
| Neurological damage type 1, n | 16 (2 %) | 14 (1.9 %) | 2 (4.5 %) | 0.2 |
| Neurological damage type 2, n | 22 (2.8 %) | 19 (2.6 %) | 3 (6.8 %) | 0.12 |
| Severe pulmonary dysfunction, n | 32 (4.1 %) | 20 (2.7 %) | 12 (27 %) | <0.001 |
| Tracheostomy, n | 27 (3.5 %) | 12 (1.6 %) | 15 (34 %) | <0.001 |
| Need for re-intubation, n | 23 (2.9 %) | 13 (1.8 %) | 10 (23 %) | < 0.001 |
| Sepsis, n | 25 (3.2 %) | 20 (2.7 %) | 5 (11 %) | 0.01 |
| Mediastinitis, n | 6 (0.77 %) | 3 (0.41 %) | 3 (6.8 %) | 0.003 |
| Outcome data | ||||
| Duration of MV, hours | 18 (12–48) | 18 (12–43) | 88 (34–288) | <0.001 |
| ICU stay, days | 3 (1–5) | 3 (1–5) | 12 (4–19) | <0.001 |
| Hospital stay, days | 7 (5–11) | 7 (5–11) | 15.5 (8–24) | <0.001 |
| Death, n | 44 (5.6 %) | |||
AF atrial fibrillation, AKI acute kidney injury, AMI acute myocardial infarction, FFP fresh frozen plasma, ICU intensive care unit, LCOS low cardiac output syndrome, MV mechanical ventilation, PLT platelets, RBC red blood cells, RRT renal replacement therapy