Table 1.
Under five children malaria morbidity in 2012 and 2014 by socio demographic characteristics (weighted, unmatched)
| Variable name | Category | Year = 2012 (n = 2312) | Year = 2014 (n = 2183) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malaria test outcome | Malaria test outcome | ||||||||
| Total | Negative | Positive | p value | Total | Negative | Positive | p value | ||
| Age of the child (months) | Mean (SD) | 31.4 (15.3) | 30.5 (15.2) | 34.5 (15.1) | <0.001* | 30.9 (15.3) | 30.0 (15.5) | 35.1 (14.9) | <0.001* |
| Sex of the child | Female | 1001 (52.9 %) | 769 (53.0 %) | 300 (54.0 %) | 0.955** | 1111 (50.9 %) | 665 (51.5 %) | 289 (47.4 %) | 0.149** |
| Male | 892 (47.1 %) | 681 (47.0 %) | 255 (46.0 %) | 1072 (49.1 %) | 626 (48.5 %) | 319 (52.6 %) | |||
| Area of residence | Rural | 2009 (86.9 %) | 1211 (83.5 %) | 527 (95.0 %) | <0.001* | 1862 (85.3 %) | 1052 (81.5 %) | 582 (95.8 %) | <0.001* |
| Urban | 303 (13.1 %) | 239 (16.5 %) | 28 (5.0 %) | 321 (14.7 %) | 239 (18.5 %) | 25 (4.2 %) | |||
| Cluster attitude (KM) | Mean (SD) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.169** | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.0) | 0.9 (0.0) | 0.001* |
| Child slept under bed net | No | 810 (37.9 %) | 492 (36.6 %) | 228 (44.2 %) | <0.001* | 637 (30.6 %) | 353 (28.3 %) | 224 (39.2 %) | 0.016* |
| Yes | 1327 (62.1 %) | 852 (63.4 %) | 288 (55.8 %) | 1444 (69.4 %) | 891 (71.7 %) | 347 (60.8 %) | |||
| Sex of household head | Female | 497 (21.5 %) | 319 (22.0 %) | 115 (20.7 %) | 0.632** | 320 (14.7 %) | 194 (15.0 %) | 93 (15.4 %) | 0.398** |
| Male | 1815 (78.5 %) | 1130 (78.0 %) | 440 (79.3 %) | 1863 (85.3 %) | 1098 (85.0 %) | 513 (84.6 %) | |||
| Age of the mother (years) | Mean (SD) | 28.4 (6.7) | 28.2 (6.5) | 28.3 (6.9) | 0.863** | 28.0 (6.5) | 28.1 (6.4) | 28.4 (6.7) | 0.411** |
| Wealth index score | Mean (SD) | 2.8 (1.4) | 3.3 (1.5) | 2.5 (1.3) | <0.001* | 2.8 (1.4) | 3.3 (1.4) | 2.5 (1.3) | <0.001* |
| Mother’s total years of education | Mean (SD) | 4.8 (3.6) | 5.8 (3.8) | 3.9 (3.1) | <0.001* | 5.4 (3.7) | 6.3 (3.6) | 4.7 (3.2) | <0.001* |
| Number of under five children (mother) | Mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.8 (0.7) | 0.004* | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.6 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.7) | 0.002* |
| Number of bed nets (household) | Mean (SD) | 1.1 (1.0) | 1.2 (1.1) | 0.9 (0.9) | <0.001* | 1.4 (1.1) | 1.6 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.1) | 0.001* |
| Child’s mother can read | No | 846 (36.6 %) | 474 (32.7 %) | 262 (47.1 %) | <0.001* | 682 (31.2 %) | 354 (27.4 %) | 253 (41.6 %) | <0.001* |
| Yes | 1466 (63.4 %) | 976 (67.3 %) | 293 (52.9 %) | 1501 (68.8 %) | 938 (72.6 %) | 354 (58.4 %) | |||
| Mother heard messages about malaria (<6 weeks ago) | No | 1586 (73.4 %) | 973 (70.6 %) | 407 (81.9 %) | <0.001* | 1593 (78.9 %) | 938 (76.4 %) | 455 (84.5 %) | 0.203** |
| Yes | 574 (26.6 %) | 405 (29.4 %) | 90 (18.1 %) | 427 (21.1 %) | 290 (23.6 %) | 83 (15.5 %) | |||
| Mother knowns mosquito bites cause malaria | No | 149 (6.9 %) | 70 (5.1 %) | 54 (10.8 %) | <0.001* | 286 (14.2 %) | 153 (12.5 %) | 94 (17.5 %) | 0.084** |
| yes | 2011 (93.1 %) | 1307 (94.9 %) | 443 (89.2 %) | 1734 (85.8 %) | 1074 (87.5 %) | 444 (82.5 %) | |||
| Mother knows fever is the main sign of malaria | No | 190 (8.8 %) | 127 (9.2 %) | 32 (6.5 %) | 0.082** | 266 (13.2 %) | 167 (13.6 %) | 44 (8.1 %) | 0.020* |
| Yes | 1970 (91.2 %) | 1250 (90.8 %) | 464 (93.5 %) | 1754 (86.8 %) | 1060 (86.4 %) | 495 (91.9 %) | |||
| Mother knowns sleeping under ITN prevents Malaria | No | 1187 (54.9 %) | 755 (54.8 %) | 283 (57.0 %) | 0.245** | 1514 (74.9 %) | 890 (72.5 %) | 422 (78.5 %) | 0.023* |
| Yes | 973 (45.1 %) | 623 (45.2 %) | 214 (43.0 %) | 506 (25.0 %) | 337 (27.5 %) | 116 (21.5 %) | |||
| Mother knows mosquito repellant prevents malaria | No | 2099 (97.2 %) | 1333 (96.8 %) | 490 (98.6 %) | 0.064** | 1991 (98.5 %) | 1202 (97.9 %) | 537 (99.8 %) | 0.017* |
| Yes | 61 (2.8 %) | 11 (3.2 %) | 7 (1.4 %) | 29 (1.5 %) | 26 (2.1 %) | 1 (0.3 %) | |||
| Mother knowns mosquito coil prevents malaria | No | 2114 (97.9 %) | 1343 (97.5 %) | 489 (98.5 %) | 0.112** | 2003 (99.2 %) | 1214 (98.9 %) | 535 (99.4 %) | 0.800** |
| Yes | 46 (2.1 %) | 35 (2.5 %) | 7 (1.5 %) | 17 (0.8 %) | 13 (1.1 %) | 3 (0.6 %) | |||
| Mother knowns cutting grass around house prevents malaria | No | 1950 (90.3 %) | 1238 (89.8 %) | 455 (91.6 %) | 0.046* | 1905 (94.3 %) | 1145 (93.3 %) | 519 (96.4 %) | 0.059** |
| Yes | 210 (9.7 %) | 140 (10.2 %) | 42 (8.4 %) | 115 (5.7 %) | 82 (6.7 %) | 19 (3.6 %) | |||
| Mother knowns children are vulnerable to Malaria | No | 275 (12.7 %) | 159 (11.6 %) | 85 (17.1 %) | 0.002* | 388 (19.2 %) | 232 (18.9 %) | 102 (19.0 %) | 0.864** |
| Yes | 1885 (87.3 %) | 1218 (88.4 %) | 411 (82.9 %) | 1632 (80.8 %) | 995 (88.1 %) | 436 (81.0 %) | |||
SD standard deviation, KM kilometres, ITN insecticide-treated bed net
* Significant (p ≤ 0.05); ** non significant (p > 0.05)