Table 2.
Performance of the prespecified type 1 and type 2 algorithms by age applied to all true cases at MUSC and UNCa
| Non-CART Diabetes Algorithms | System | Met Criteria (N) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PPV (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | <10 y | ≥10 y | Total | <10 y | ≥10 y | Total | <10 y | ≥10 y | Total | <10 y | ≥10 y | ||
| Type 1 Algorithms | |||||||||||||
| ≥1 type 1 codes | MUSC | 570 | 97 | 473 | 99.0 | 100.0 | 98.7 | 48.0 | 70.0 | 46.7 | 83.9 | 96.9 | 81.2 |
| UNC | 443 | 76 | 367 | 97.0 | 98.7 | 96.7 | 62.1 | 83.3 | 61.1 | 88.7 | 98.7 | 86.6 | |
| ≥2 type 1 codes | MUSC | 537 | 94 | 443 | 96.7 | 97.9 | 96.4 | 60.5 | 80.0 | 59.3 | 87.0 | 97.9 | 84.7 |
| UNC | 415 | 76 | 339 | 93.6 | 98.7 | 92.4 | 72.7 | 83.3 | 72.2 | 91.3 | 98.7 | 89.7 | |
| 0 type 2 codes and ≥1 type 1 codes | MUSC | 195 | 50 | 145 | 39.8 | 53.2 | 36.5 | 98.3 | 100.0 | 98.2 | 98.5 | 100.0 | 97.9 |
| UNC | 141 | 18 | 123 | 34.6 | 23.7 | 37.1 | 99.2 | 100.0 | 99.2 | 99.3 | 100.0 | 99.2 | |
| Ratio of type 1 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.3 | MUSC | 510 | 96 | 414 | 98.8 | 98.9 | 98.7 | 81.4 | 70.0 | 82.0 | 93.5 | 96.9 | 92.8 |
| UNC | 413 | 76 | 337 | 96.8 | 98.7 | 96.4 | 84.1 | 83.3 | 84.1 | 94.9 | 98.7 | 94.1 | |
| Ratio of type 1 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.4 | MUSC | 496 | 95 | 401 | 98.6 | 98.9 | 98.5 | 88.7 | 80.0 | 89.2 | 96.0 | 97.9 | 95.5 |
| UNC | 402 | 76 | 326 | 96.3 | 98.7 | 95.7 | 90.9 | 83.3 | 91.3 | 97.0 | 98.7 | 96.6 | |
| Ratio of type 1 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.5 | MUSC | 490 | 95 | 395 | 98.6 | 98.9 | 98.5 | 92.1 | 80.0 | 92.8 | 97.1 | 97.9 | 97.0 |
| UNC | 397 | 76 | 321 | 95.6 | 98.7 | 94.8 | 92.4 | 83.3 | 92.9 | 97.5 | 98.7 | 97.2 | |
| Ratio of type 1 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.6 | MUSC | 481 | 95 | 386 | 97.7 | 98.9 | 97.4 | 94.9 | 80.0 | 95.8 | 98.1 | 97.9 | 98.2 |
| UNC | 383 | 75 | 308 | 93.3 | 97.4 | 92.4 | 96.2 | 83.3 | 96.8 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.7 | |
| Type 2 Algorithms | |||||||||||||
| ≥1 type 2 codes | MUSC | 451 | 50 | 401 | 93.0 | N/A | 94.4 | 37.7 | N/A | 34.4 | 26.6 | N/A | 29.7 |
| UNC | 375 | 62 | 313 | 91.9 | N/A | 92.9 | 34.4 | N/A | 36.7 | 21.1 | N/A | 24.9 | |
| ≥2 type 2 codes | MUSC | 316 | 33 | 283 | 83.7 | N/A | 85.7 | 60.8 | N/A | 59.3 | 34.2 | N/A | 38.2 |
| UNC | 256 | 31 | 225 | 82.6 | N/A | 83.3 | 59.0 | N/A | 58.2 | 27.7 | N/A | 31.0 | |
| ≥1 type 2 codes and 0 type 1 codes | MUSC | 76 | 3 | 73 | 41.9 | N/A | 42.1 | 95.9 | N/A | 95.3 | 71.1 | N/A | 72.6 |
| UNC | 73 | 4 | 69 | 54.7 | N/A | 54.8 | 94.2 | N/A | 93.8 | 64.4 | N/A | 66.7 | |
| Ratio of type 2 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.3 | MUSC | 181 | 8 | 173 | 93.0 | N/A | 94.4 | 88.5 | N/A | 87.4 | 66.3 | N/A | 68.8 |
| UNC | 151 | 10 | 141 | 91.9 | N/A | 92.9 | 84.0 | N/A | 83.0 | 52.3 | N/A | 55.3 | |
| Ratio of type 2 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.4 | MUSC | 168 | 7 | 161 | 91.5 | N/A | 92.9 | 90.6 | N/A | 89.8 | 70.2 | N/A | 72.7 |
| UNC | 138 | 6 | 132 | 91.9 | N/A | 92.9 | 86.9 | N/A | 85.4 | 57.2 | N/A | 59.1 | |
| Ratio of type 2 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.5 | MUSC | 164 | 5 | 159 | 91.5 | N/A | 92.9 | 91.3 | N/A | 90.2 | 72.0 | N/A | 73.6 |
| UNC | 128 | 4 | 124 | 88.4 | N/A | 89.3 | 88.5 | N/A | 86.8 | 59.4 | N/A | 60.5 | |
| Ratio of type 2 codes to the sum of type 1 and type 2 codes ≥ 0.6 | MUSC | 151 | 5 | 146 | 88.4 | N/A | 89.7 | 93.0 | N/A | 92.3 | 75.5 | N/A | 77.4 |
| UNC | 116 | 4 | 112 | 84.9 | N/A | 85.7 | 90.5 | N/A | 89.2 | 62.9 | N/A | 64.3 | |
True diabetes cases (N = 660 at MUSC and N = 537 at UNC) confirmed by medical record review established our “gold standard” for evaluation of the algorithms’ performance.
Abbreviations: MUSC: Medical University of South Carolina; PPV: positive predictive value; UNC: University of North Carolina; y, years.aResults from UNC were previously published.10