Table 2.
Participants’ characteristics.
|
|
Total (n=50) | ICBT group (n=25) | DF group (n=25) | |||
| Demographics | ||||||
|
|
|
|
Age, M (SD) | 62.9 (12.8) | 63.6 (13.9) | 62.3 (11.7) |
|
|
|
|
Men, n (%) | 29 (59) | 15 (60) | 14 (58) |
|
|
|
|
Cohabitationa, n (%) | 37 (76) | 19 (76) | 18 (75) |
|
|
|
|
Level of depression at screening PHQ-9, M (SD) | 11.5 (4.8) | 11.8 (4.4) | 11.2 (5.2) |
| HFbsymptoms and treatment | ||||||
|
|
|
|
NYHAc class, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I | 11 (22) | 8 (32) | 3 (12) |
|
|
|
|
II | 20 (40) | 12 (48) | 8 (32) |
|
|
|
|
III | 18 (36) | 5 (20) | 13 (52) |
|
|
|
|
IV | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
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|
|
|
Dyspnead, n (%) | 48 (96) | 24 (96) | 23 (92) |
|
|
|
|
Fatigued, n (%) | 49 (98) | 25 (100) | 24 (96) |
|
|
|
|
Swollen legs or feetd, n (%) | 23 (46) | 14 (56) | 12 (48) |
|
|
|
|
Time with HF>6 month/<6 month, n (%) | 45/5 (88/10) | 22/3 (88/12) | 23/2 (92/8) |
|
|
|
|
Previously hospitalized due to HF, n (%) | 36 (72) | 17 (68) | 19 (76) |
|
|
|
|
Beta blocker, n (%) | 44 (88) | 22 (88) | 22 (88) |
|
|
|
|
ACE-Ie/ARBf, n (%) | 47 (94) | 22 (88) | 25 (100) |
|
|
|
|
Diuretics, n (%) | 34 (68) | 14 (56) | 20 (80)g |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
Ischemic heart disease | 18 (36) | 8 (32) | 10 (40) |
|
|
|
|
Hypertension | 26 (52) | 11 (44) | 15 (60) |
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|
|
|
Arrhythmia | 26 (52) | 14 (56) | 12 (48) |
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|
|
|
Diabetes | 7 (14) | 2 (8) | 5 (20) |
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|
|
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Pulmonary disease | 6 (12) | 1 (4) | 5 (20) |
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|
|
|
Stroke or TIA | 11 (22) | 4 (16) | 7 (28) |
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|
|
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Kidney disease | 1 (2) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) |
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|
|
|
Cancer | 5 (10) | 3 (12) | 2 (8) |
|
|
|
|
Other psychiatric disorderh | 2 (4) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
| Pharmacological antidepressive, anxiolytic, or sleep medication | ||||||
|
|
|
|
Antidepressives | 9 (18) | 9 (12) | 6 (24) |
|
|
|
|
Anxiolytics | 2 (4) | 1 (4) | 1 (4) |
|
|
|
|
Sleep medication | 14 (28) | 4 (16) | 10 (40)g |
aCohabitation includes participants that live with someone in a long-term relationship (including married). Not living with partner includes participants who were divorced, with partner deceased or living alone.
bHF, heart failure.
cNYHA, New York Heart Association.
dSymptoms reported to affect the participant very severely to little have been collapsed and reported as presence of symptoms.
eACE-I, angiotensinogen-converting enzyme inhibitor.
fARB, angiotensin receptor blocker.
gSignificant difference between CBT and discussion groups (P<.05).
hSelf-reported: anxiety disorder (n=1) and drug dependence (n=1).