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. 2016 Apr 8;3(8):1500393. doi: 10.1002/advs.201500393

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© 2016 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Scheme 1 — Schematic representation of polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for directed differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into hepatocyte‐like cells (iHeps) in vitro and in vivo. Growth factors were adsorbed on the PEI‐MSNs to form a GF‐PEI‐MSN complex. The mESCs induced by GF‐PEI‐MSN complexes exhibited significantly improved differentiation toward hepatocyte‐like cells with mature functions in vitro, and the induced cells reconstitute damaged hepatic tissues after transplantation in vivo.