(a) endoTrpV1 (top, green) and tdTom (bottom, red) sdFISH in TrpV1-CretdTom P3 mice. 73% of endoTrpV1 neurons are tdTom positive, 36% of tdTom cells contain endoTrpV1 at P3 (right). (b) Dat (green) and tdTom sdFISH. tdTom is restricted to the medial midbrain and labels a medial area in PBP low in dopaminergic neurons (szPBP). (c) Overview of endoTrpV1-only (green dots), tdTom-only (red dots) and co-expressing cells (white dots) from rostral to caudal midbrain. (d) Electrophysiological characterization of TrpV1-cretdTom cells in P10-18 TrpV1-cretdTom mice. Current-clamp recordings at different holding currents (top left); firing frequency during current injection (n = 10) (top right); Voltage-clamp recordings of Ih in Ih- and Ih+ cells (bottom left); Mean Ih at −132 mV holding potential in Ih- (n = 4) and Ih+ (n = 11) cells (bottom right). (e) Th (green) and tdTom sdFISH (red dots) in adult mice. tdTom labels a population of neurons rostral of the IF and caudal of the PH labeled rmVTA (top). (f) sdFISH of tdTom (red) with Dat (first column), Th (second column), Viaat (third column) and Vglut2 (fourth column) (green) in the IF (first row), PBP (second row) and szPBP (third row). (g,h) Manual cell-counting results of Dat-, Th-, Viaat and Vglut2-coexpression with tdTom in the VTA (G, subnuclei values in H) and SuM (H) in (n = 3) adult mice. All sdFISH images were cropped from whole slides acquired with a digital high resolution slide scanner. Abbreviations: CLi, caudal linear nucleus; DR, dorsal raphe nucleus; sdFISH, mRNA-selective double-fluorescent in situ hybridization; tdTom, tdTomato; endoTrpV1, endogenous TrpV1; IF, interfascicular nucleus; Ih, hyperpolarization-activated current; PAG, periaqueductal grey; PH, posterior hypothalamus; PBP, parabrachial nucleus + ventral tegmental area rostral part; PN/PIF, paranigral nucleus + parainterfascicular nucleus; RLi, rostral linear nucleus; rmVTA, rostromedial ventral tegmental area; SNc, substantia nigra pars compacta; SuM, supramammillary nucleus; VTA, ventral tegmental area.