Table 1.

Distribution of demographic and patient characteristics by race and prostate cancer aggressiveness among men in the North Carolina-Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP)

	African American n = 1,023					European American n = 1,079
Characteristics	High aggressive (n=206)		Low/intermediate aggressive (n=817)		P value‡	High aggressive (n=164)		Low/intermediate aggressive (n=915)		P value‡
	Mean (SD)		Mean (SD)			Mean (SD)		Mean (SD)
Age, years	63 (8)		62 (8)		0.004	67 (8)		64 (8)		<0.0001
Energy Intake, kcals/day	2799.6 (1232.4)		2593.0 (1146.0)		0.02	2339.3 (952.0)		2320.5 (865.7)		0.80
Dietary fat intake, grams/day	103.9 (52.1)		94.8 (48.4)		0.02	94.5 (42.4)		91.1 (39.2)		0.31
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m2	29.9 (6.7)		29.2 (5.4)		0.16	30.5 (5.1)		29.0 (4.8)		0.0006
Study Site	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%
NC	92	45	386	47	0.51	73	45	448	49	0.29
LA (pre & post Katrina)	114	55	431	53		91	55	467	51
Family History of Prostate Cancer
No affected 1st degree relative	157	76	606	74	0.55	136	83	696	76	0.05
At least 1 affected 1st degree relative	49	24	211	26		28	17	219	24
Prostate Cancer Screening History
0 screenings	120	58	307	38	<0.0001	40	24	153	17	0.06
1–7 screenings	53	26	338	41		68	42	405	44
> 7 screenings	33	16	172	21		56	34	357	39
Comorbidities
0	88	43	382	47	0.39	84	51	503	55	0.07
1	53	26	216	26		31	19	214	23
2	36	17	106	13		29	18	98	11
≥ 3	29	14	113	14		20	12	100	11
Started CaP treatment at start of study
No	20	10	112	14	0.20	11	7	99	11	0.007
Yes	163	79	599	73		146	89	720	79
Unknown	23	11	106	13		7	4	96	10
Education
Graduate/professional degree	50	24	239	29	0.004	71	43	377	41	0.01
Some college or college graduate	65	32	275	34		37	23	260	28
High school grad or voc/tech school	85	42	243	30		27	16	81	9
Less than high school education	6	3	59	7		29	18	197	22
Income Level	N	%	N	%		N	%	N	%
≤ $20, 000	82	40	234	29	0.001	24	15	78	9	0.22
$20,001 – $40,000	52	25	212	26		33	20	184	20
$40,001 – $60,000	20	10	132	16		24	15	154	17
$60,001 – $80,000	12	6	70	8		20	12	124	13
>$80,000	14	7	99	12		47	29	298	33
Unknown	26	13	70	8		16	9	77	8
Smoking Status
Never	40	19	276	34	<0.001	59	36	330	36	0.76
Former smokers	107	52	390	48		87	53	501	55
Current smokers	59	29	151	18		18	11	84	9
NSAIDs Use
No	84	41	364	45	0.33	56	34	305	33	0.85
Yes	120	59	446	55		108	66	608	67
Vitamin E Supplement Use a
No	141	68	488	60	0.02	65	40	396	43	0.38
Yes	65	32	329	40		99	60	519	57

Prostate cancer aggressiveness defined by a combination of Gleason sum, clinical stage, and PSA level at diagnosis and classified as follows: High aggressive (Gleason sum ≥8 or PSA >20ng/ml or Gleason sum ≥7 AND clinical stage T3 –T4); Low/Intermediate aggressive: all other cases.

^aBoth single nutrient vitamin E supplements and multivitamins containing vitamin E.

Abbreviations: CaP – Prostate Cancer; SD – Standard deviation; NC –North Carolina LA – Louisiana; NSAIDs – Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

^‡Test for differences between low/intermediate and high aggressive cancers were done using Student’s t-test for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables.