Table 1.
Baseline (EHLS-2) Characteristics of Participants With Complete Sensory Measurement Data
| Baseline Characteristic | N or Mean | % or S.D.1 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 1884 | 100.0 |
| Demographic | ||
| Age (Mean, S.D.) | 66.7 | 8.4 |
| Male | 771 | 40.9 |
| Education | ||
| < 12 yrs | 245 | 13.0 |
| 12 yrs | 941 | 50.0 |
| 13–15 yrs | 329 | 17.5 |
| 16+ yrs | 368 | 19.5 |
| Behavioral | ||
| Smoking Status | ||
| Never | 894 | 47.5 |
| Former | 790 | 41.9 |
| Current | 200 | 10.6 |
| Alcohol Consumption2 (Mean, S.D.) | 43.3 | 83.8 |
| Exercise at Least 1x/Wk | 838 | 44.5 |
| Health History | ||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | ||
| < 25.0 | 333 | 17.7 |
| 25.0 – 29.9 | 649 | 34.6 |
| 30.0+ | 896 | 47.7 |
| Hypertension | 1066 | 56.6 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 208 | 11.0 |
| # High Inflammatory Markers | ||
| 0 | 935 | 51.9 |
| 1 | 545 | 30.3 |
| 2 | 321 | 17.8 |
| Stroke | 84 | 4.5 |
| Head Injury | 510 | 27.1 |
| Non-HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) (Mean, S.D.) | 163.0 | 38.8 |
| Mean Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) (mm) (Mean, S.D.) | 0.86 | 0.22 |
| Frailty Score | ||
| 0 | 1144 | 62.3 |
| 1 | 440 | 24.0 |
| 2 | 177 | 9.6 |
| 3 | 64 | 3.5 |
| 4 | 11 | 0.6 |
| Sensory Impairment3 | ||
| No Impairment | 833 | 44.2 |
| One Impairment | 645 | 34.2 |
| Hearing Only | 449 | 23.8 |
| Vision Only | 114 | 6.0 |
| Olfaction Only | 82 | 4.4 |
| Two Impairments | 316 | 16.8 |
| Hearing & Vision | 165 | 8.8 |
| Hearing & Olfaction | 122 | 6.5 |
| Vision & Olfaction | 29 | 1.5 |
| Three Impairments | 90 | 4.8 |
1
S.D. = Standard Deviation
2
Alcohol consumption measured in grams of ethanol per week
3
Hearing impairment: Pure-tone average 0.5, 1, 2,4 kHz, either ear > 25decibel Hearing Level; Vision impairment: Contrast sensitivity better eye < 1.55 log units; Olfaction impairment: San Diego Odor Identification Test score < 6 odors