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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Neurobiol. 2016 Apr 20;155:57–75. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.006

Figure 1. Potential role of inflammation in Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis.

Figure 1

Results of microglial phenotypes have varied across studies and PD patients. Genetic background and aging, along with other environmental factors (ie: illness) impact the susceptibility of microglia activation leading to a lack of homeostatic support (increased antigen presentation, phagocytic microglia, pro-inflammatory status and decreased anti-inflammatory status) to the surrounding tissue that may further influence the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Multiple immune modulating therapies are currently being investigated for their effect on the phenotypes and effector functions of activated microglia and may represent promising approaches in the treatment of PD.