Table 3.
Glycemic and hormonal responses during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) in study arm 2
| Variable | Seltzer water (mean ± SD) | Diet Rite Cola™ (mean ± SD) | Diet Mountain Dew™ (mean ± SD) | Sucralose and Ace-K (mean ± SD) | p-value (ANOVA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active GLP-1 AUC (pmol/L/120 min) | 1142.9 ± 702.8 | 1274.5 ± 781.8** | 1268.5 ± 739.7 | 1173.2 ± 755.0 | 0.087 |
| Active GLP-1 Peak (pmol/L) | 14.3 ± 8.1 | 16.1 ± 9.9 | 14.5 ± 6.5 | 14.4 ± 8.6 | 0.53 |
| Time to Active GLP-1 Peak (minutes) | 24.2 ± 24.7 | 20.0 ± 13.6 | 23.0 ± 13.7 | 25.2 ± 22.9 | 0.73 |
| GIP AUC (pg/mL/120 min) | 30926.1 ± 14737.3 | 33652.6 ± 22175.9 | 31624.2 ± 16665.2 | 32132.3 ± 20268.2 | 0.62 |
| GIP Peak (pg/mL) | 335.8 ± 158.9 | 367.5 ± 260.1 | 329.6 ± 167.1 | 351.4 ± 266.5 | 0.43 |
| Time to GIP Peak (minutes) | 60.3 ± 35.5 | 55 ± 30.7 | 62.3 ± 40.1 | 55.5 ± 35.2 | 0.76 |
| Glucose AUC (umol/L/120 min) | 850.2 ± 142.8 | 873.3 ± 171.4 | 843.3 ± 170.5 | 880.6 ± 163.2 | 0.40 |
| Glucose Peak (umol/L) | 8.0 ± 1.4 | 8.4 ± 1.6 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 8.4 ± 1.6 | 0.25 |
| Time to Glucose Peak (minutes) | 43.5 ± 28.8 | 44 ± 32.0 | 37.0 ± 24.4 | 41.3 ± 24.9 | 0.45 |
| Insulin AUC (pmol/L/120 min) | 55538.4 ± 28652.2 | 69164.8 ± 44218.6 | 67883.8 ± 41168.7 | 68039.7 ± 44373.7 | 0.53 |
| Insulin Peak (pmol/mL) | 734.7 ± 409.9 | 876.1 ± 490.8 | 862.4 ± 521.1 | 882.6 ± 535.5 | 0.33 |
| Time to Insulin Peak (minutes) | 53.9 ± 35.3 | 53.4 ± 33.1 | 48.6 ± 29.5 | 51.0 ± 30.0 | 0.74 |
| C-Peptide AUC (nmol/L/120 min) | 327.7 ± 105.1 | 342.7 ± 105.9 | 336.3 ± 109.5 | 338.7 ± 108.5 | 0.69 |
| C-Peptide Peak (nmol/L) | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 3.6 ± 1.1 | 3.5 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 1.2 | 0.31 |
| Time to C-Peptide Peak (minutes) | 76.8 ± 33.7 | 67.7 ± 30.9 | 66.0 ± 34.4 | 67.1 ± 31.9 | 0.31 |
| Insulin Sensitivity Index | 1.29 ± 1.17 | 1.30 ± 1.06 | 1.50 ± 1.24 | 1.43 ± 1.04 | 0.87 |
**p < 0.05, *p < 0.01 data presented as pairwise comparisons between each NNS preload and the seltzer water control