Table 5.

Relationship between having a GPA>75th centile and leptin resistance in Chilean youths after controlling for other health, sociodemographic and educational influences (n=568)

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Hyperleptinaemia	0.35***	0.17 to 0.72	0.35***	0.17 to 0.73	0.42*	0.19 to 0.89
Overweight	0.66	0.40 to 1.10	0.67	0.42 to 1.13	0.62	0.37 to 1.05
Obesity	0.83	0.42 to 1.64	0.83	0.42 to 1.64	0.74	0.36 to 1.54
IR	0.79	0.41 to 0.95	0.69	0.44 to 1.06	0.73	0.46 to 1.13
Unhealthy diet	(…)		0.43***	0.26 to 0.78	0.41***	0.24 to 0.75
Physically inactive	(…)		1.01	0.63 to 1.59	1.00	0.66 to 1.54
Male sex	(…)		(…)		0.43***	0.28 to 0.71
Maternal education: incomplete HS	(…)		(…)		1.07	0.68 to 1.67
Paternal education: incomplete HS	(…)		(…)		0.57*	0.35 to 0.93
Adult HS	(…)		(…)		0.35***	0.18 to 0.69
No Fe supplement (infancy)	(…)		(…)		0.71	0.48 to 1.06

(…) Non-observed.

Significance level: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

Hyperleptinaemia defined according to the cut-offs published by Köster-Weber et al.

Overweight: BMI z-score >1 and ≥2 SD; obesity: BMI z-score ≥2 SD.

IR: HOMA-IR 2.6.

Unhealthy diet: diet high in simple carbohydrates and saturated fats.

Physically inactive: scheduled PA≤90 min/week.

Adult HS: education for students who in the past were unable to receive their diploma.

BMI, body mass index; GPA, grade point average; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment of IR; HS, high school; IR, insulin resistance; PA, physical activity.