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. 2016 Oct 21;16:598. doi: 10.1186/s12913-016-1816-5

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Asthma-specific quality of life score, forest plot by study design. RCT: randomised controlled trial; QRCT: quasi-randomised controlled trial; CBA: controlled before-after study; BA: before-after study (without external control group); INT: intervention; CON: control; SD: standard deviation; IV: inverse variance; CI: confidence interval