Table 4. Odds ratios (ORs) for the prevalence of glaucoma according to log-transformed blood lead, mercury, and cadmium levels.
| Lead | Mercury | Cadmium | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| OAG with normal IOP | |||||||||
| Model 1† | 1.25 | 0.91, 1.74 | 0.174 | 0.92 | 0.69, 1.21 | 0.536 | 1.37 | 1.07, 1.75 | 0.012* |
| Model 2‡ | 0.93 | 0.66, 1.33 | 0.696 | 0.86 | 0.67, 1.11 | 0.236 | 1.30 | 0.96, 1.76 | 0.085 |
| Model 3§ | 0.93 | 0.65, 1.34 | 0.701 | 0.86 | 0.66, 1.11 | 0.239 | 1.33 | 0.97, 1.83 | 0.073 |
| Low-teen OAG | |||||||||
| Model 1† | 1.41 | 0.94, 2.11 | 0.097 | 0.95 | 0.65, 1.37 | 0.768 | 1.64 | 1.31, 2.05 | 0.001* |
| Model 2‡ | 1.12 | 0.72, 1.76 | 0.616 | 0.93 | 0.67, 1.29 | 0.666 | 1.45 | 1.06, 1.97 | 0.018* |
| Model 3§ | 1.16 | 0.74, 1.83 | 0.517 | 0.95 | 0.67, 1.35 | 0.769 | 1.41 | 1.03, 1.93 | 0.026* |
| High-teen OAG | |||||||||
| Model 1† | 1.06 | 0.63, 1.78 | 0.831 | 0.87 | 0.55, 1.38 | 0.549 | 1.37 | 0.96, 1.97 | 0.391 |
| Model 2‡ | 0.70 | 0.41, 1.20 | 0.192 | 0.76 | 0.52, 1.11 | 0.156 | 1.12 | 0.67, 1.87 | 0.667 |
| Model 3§ | 0.65 | 0.36, 1.18 | 0.157 | 0.74 | 0.53, 1.03 | 0.073 | 1.16 | 0.67, 2.00 | 0.592 |
IOP, intraocular pressure; OAG, open-angle glaucoma; CI, confidence interval.
*P < 0.05.
†Model 1: crude OR.
‡Model 2: adjusted for age group and sex.
§Model 3: adjusted for age group, sex, region of residence, occupation, education level, smoking status, hypertension, family history of glaucoma, and IOP.