Figure 3.
NHE-1 and VGSC working as H+ extruders.150 (Invadopodia complexes are actin-rich protrusions of the cell membrane with active degradation of the extracellular matrix and invasion.)151 The presence of high levels of NHE-1 is fundamental for invadopodia formation.152 There is a relationship between NHE-1 enhanced activity and VGSC, but it has not been fully elucidated yet. Reproduced from Koltai T. Voltage-gated sodium channel as a target for metastatic risk reduction with re-purposed drugs. F1000Res. 2015;4:297.32
Abbreviations: NHE-1, sodium–proton exchanger-1; VGSC, voltage-gated sodium channel.