Table 2.
Associations of neighborhood and race/ethnicity with all cancers combined and the four most common sites mortality rate for 35+ years, 2007–2011
| Cancer | Model | Black vs. White racea | Hispanic vs. White racea | East Harlem vs. Upper East Sidea | Central Harlem vs. Upper East Sidea | Significant risk factor variables and direction of association |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cancers combined | 1 | 1.72 (1.54, 1.92) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) | 1.24 (1.11, 1.39) | 1.06 (0.95, 1.19) | -- |
| 2 | 1.68 (1.46, 1.93) | 0.86 (0.73, 1.02) | 1.20 (1.07, 1.35) | 1.06 (0.95, 1.96) | Diabetes + Never smoking − Told had high blood pressure − Asthma episode in past 10 months + Private insurance - |
|
| Lung | 1 | 2.00 (1.58, 2.53) | 0.91 (0.71, 1.18) | 1.18 (0.93, 1.51) | 1.01 (0.79, 1.28) | |
| 2 | 1.13 (0.73, 1.74) | 0.46 (0.28, 0.76) | 1.02 (0.79, 1.33) | 0.89 (0.69, 1.15) | Current smoking + College graduation - |
|
| Prostate | 1 | 3.05 (1.20, 4.67) | 1.33 (0.84, 2.12) | 1.15 (0.84, 2.12) | 0.82 (0.53, 1.28) | |
| 2 | 2.25 (1.19, 4.23) | 1.34 (0.79, 2.27) | 0.50 (0.23, 1.08) | 0.49 (0.25, 0.97) | Married − Self-rated best general health - |
|
| Breast (female) | 1 | 1.66 (1.14, 2.41) | 0.69 (0.45, 1.05) | 1.20 (0.81, 1.78) | 1.21 (0.83, 1.77) | |
| 2 | 4.16 (2.12, 8.15) | 1.19 (0.69, 2.04) | 1.09 (0.67, 1.78) | 1.04 (0.62, 1.73) | Mammogram − Told had high blood pressure - |
|
| Colorectal | 1 | 1.63 (1.12, 2.36) | 1.17 (0.80, 1.71) | 1.34 (0.92, 1.95) | 1.27 (0.87, 1.85) | |
| 2 | 1.48 (1.01, 2.18) | 1.01 (0.67, 1.52) | 1.41 (0.97, 2.06) | 1.34 (0.92, 1.98) | Asthma episode in past 10 months + |
a
Associations are represented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
b
Model 1 includes age group in 10-year increments, sex, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood.
c
Model 2 includes all terms in Model 1 in addition to significant Community Health Survey risk factor variables.