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. 2016 Oct 25;68(17):1881–1894. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.07.766

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© 2016 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Central Illustration — PITX2 Deficiency Potentiates Flecainide's Antiarrhythmic Effects

Paired like homeodomain 2 (PITX2) might play an important role in regulating gene expression and electrical function of the left atrium. (Left)Pitx2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels are variable in left atrial appendages of patients undergoing thoracoscopic atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation therapy. The differentiation between “low” (orange) and “high” (blue)PITX2 levels is somewhat arbitrary. (Right) A low left atrial PITX2c mRNA expression slightly depolarizes left atrial resting membrane potential (RMP). A depolarized RMP, in turn, enhances the antiarrhythmic effect of sodium-channel blockers such as flecainide. PRR = post-repolarization refractoriness.