Table 2.
Distribution of p53, CA19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen expression in the five groups1 n (%)
| Protein expression | ESCC | HGD | LGD | BCH | Normal control |
| p53 | |||||
| Negative | 63 (47.0) | 24 (47.1) | 159 (64.4) | 56 (72.7) | 64 (80.0) |
| Positive | |||||
| 1%-10% | 18 (13.4) | 17 (33.3) | 62 (25.1) | 17 (22.1) | 11 (13.8) |
| 10%-25% | 20 (14.9) | 8 (15.7) | 20 (8.1) | 3 (3.9) | 5 (6.3) |
| 25%-50% | 24 (17.9) | 2 (3.9) | 6 (2.4) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| ≥ 50% | 9 (6.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| CA19-9 | |||||
| Negative | 75 (56.0) | 34 (66.7) | 206 (83.5) | 70 (90.8) | 75 (93.8) |
| Positive | |||||
| 1%-10% | 43 (32.1) | 15 (29.4) | 40 (16.1) | 6 (7.9) | 4 (5.0) |
| 10%-25% | 13 (9.7) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) |
| ≥ 25% | 3 (2.2) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| CEA | |||||
| Negative | 34 (25.4) | 20 (39.2) | 189 (76.7) | 59 (76.3) | 67 (83.8) |
| Positive | |||||
| 1%-10% | 47 (35.1) | 27 (52.9) | 56 (22.5) | 16 (21.1) | 7 (8.8) |
| 10%-25% | 31 (23.2) | 4 (7.8) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (1.3) | 6 (7.5) |
| 25%-50% | 19 (14.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| ≥ 50% | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Three biomarkers combined2 | |||||
| Negative | 21 (15.7) | 12 (23.5) | 129 (52.4) | 44 (57.1) | 58 (72.5) |
| Positive | |||||
| 1%-10% | 35 (26.1) | 26 (51.0) | 90 (36.4) | 28 (36.4) | 13 (16.3) |
| 10%-25% | 30 (22.4) | 10 (19.6) | 22 (8.8) | 4 (5.2) | 9 (11.3) |
| 25%-50% | 36 (26.8) | 3 (5.9) | 6 (2.4) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0) |
| ≥ 50% | 12 (9.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
1In the five groups, the Kruskal-Wallis H test values of the differences in positive protein expression ratios of p53, CA19-9, CEA, and the three biomarkers combined were 50.279 (P < 0.001), 68.660 (P < 0.001), 160.453 (P < 0.001), and 142.393 (P < 0.001), respectively. The values of the linear-by-linear association test were 68.737 (P < 0.001), 61.076 (P < 0.001), 128.738 (P < 0.001), and 141.591 (P < 0.001), respectively;
If the expression of any one of the three biomarkers was positive, the combined expression was counted as positive; if there was an overlap in expression, the score of the strongest expression was taken as the score of the combination. ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell cancer; HGD: High-grade dysplasia; LGD: Low-grade dysplasia; BCH: Basal cell hyperplasia.