Figure 4. Results of ELISA assay for pediatric SLE subjects (n = 30), using DNA and LNA/DNA antigens.

SEQ5–7 are pure DNA, whereas SEQ1–4 are their LNA/DNA analogues. In addition to SEQ1–5 described above, two LNA-free strands and G-quadruplex forming reference were used: 5′-ATT TAT TTT TAT ATT TAT ATT-3′, SEQ6; 5′-TGA ACT CTA TGT CTG TAT CAT-3′, SEQ7; 5′-TTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAG-3′, SEQ8. CTD = calf thymus DNA. (a) Box-and-whisker plot with outliers. The arms on each boxplot are values Q₁ − 1.5 × IQR and Q₃ + 1.5 × IQR. Data points for each subject are means for three independent measurements. (b) Standard error bars for independent triplicate experiments (n = 3) across antigens; mean values for each data set are shown as well²²,²⁴.