Table 3.
Duodenal mucosal mRNA fold expression in patients with IBS-D and controls
| mRNA Regulation IBS-D/Controls |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | Official Name | Summary of Functions | Fold | 95% CI | P* | q* |
| INADL | InaD-like (Drosophila) | Gene encoding multiple PDZ domain protein | 1.45 | 1.13, 1.78 | 0.00291 | 0.0419 |
| MAGI1 | Membrane-associated guanylate kinase | Cell junction, interaction with ASIC and PDZ domain | 1.48 | 1.05, 1.90 | 0.00607 | 0.0435 |
| PPP2R5C | Protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit beta | Regulation of damage response, cell proliferation, apoptosis | 1.24 | 1.06, 1.41 | 0.00529 | 0.0435 |
| TJP1 | Tight junction protein ZO-1 | Barrier function | 1.32 | 1.00, 1.64 | 0.0250 | 0.0673 |
| TJP2 | Tight junction protein ZO-2 | 1.29 | 1.02, 1.56 | 0.0325 | 0.0781 | |
| TJP3 | Tight junction protein ZO-3 | 1.38 | 1.04, 1.72 | 0.0170 | 0.0632 | |
| CLDN4 | Claudin 4 | 1.46 | 1.01, 1.92 | 0.0167 | 0.0632 | |
| MAPK-APK5 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 5 | Kinase involved in growth factor stimulated cell proliferation and muscle cell differentiation | 1.37 | 1.09, 1.65 | 0.0028 | 0.0419 |
| TLR1 | Toll-like receptor 1 | Modulation of T-reg cells | −1.25 | 0.63, 0.98 | 0.0235 | 0.0673 |
| TLR3 | Toll-like receptor 3 | 1.58 | 1.13, 2.03 | 0.0029 | 0.0419 | |
| TLR8 | Toll-like receptor 8 | −1.90 | 0.18, 0.87 | 0.0357 | 0.0781 | |
| IL-1β | Interleukin-1β | Immune function | −1.65 | 0.18, 1.03 | 0.0240 | 0.0673 |
| IL-15 | Interleukin-15 | 1.67 | 1.18, 2.17 | 0.0049 | 0.0435 | |
| FGFR4 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 | Tyrosine-protein kinase activity in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration | −1.33 | 0.53, 0.97 | 0.03477 | 0.0781 |
| CCL20 | Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 | Immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes | −2.07 | 0.00001, 1.14 | 0.01259 | 0.0632 |
| TGFB1 | Transforming growth factor-β1 | Cytokine regulation of proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, other functions in many cell types | −1.23 | 0.63, 1.00 | 0.0363 | 0.0781 |
| TNFSF 14 | Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 | Apoptosis and T-cell proliferation/function | −1.45 | 0.45, 0.93 | 0.0156 | 0.0632 |
| HAAO | 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase | Synthesis of quinolinic acid, which participates in pathogenesis of neurologic and inflammatory disorders | 1.50 | 0.96, 2.04 | 0.0224 | 0.0673 |
| QPRT | Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase | Biosynthesis of NAD | 1.88 | 0.93, 2.83 | 0.0176 | 0.0632 |
| HNMT | Histamine N-methyl transferase | Metabolism of histamine | 1.51 | 1.02, 2.00 | 0.0383 | 0.0784 |
| SOS1 | Sons of Sevenless (Drosophila) homolog 1 | Guanine nucleotide exchange factor | 1.33 | 1.01, 1.66 | 0.0102 | 0.0624 |
| SLC9A3 | Sodium hydrogen exchange type 3 channel | Sodium absorption | 1.54 | 0.81, 2.28 | 0.0963 | 0.1525 |
| CFTR | Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator | Chloride secretion | 1.46 | 0.55, 2.37 | 0.3834 | 0.2917 |
ASIC, acid-sensing ion channel; PDZ, common structural domain of 80–90 amino-acids found in signaling proteins that anchor receptor proteins in the membrane to cytoskeletal components; + Numbers, upregulated; − numbers, downregulated.
*
P values are Student's t-test performed on IBS-D patients compared with controls before false detection rate (FDR) correction;
*
q values are FDR adjusted P values.