Fig. 9.

YAP-based feedback system for cell mechanics modulation. YAP is positioned in a biomechanical feedback system where YAP modulates actomyosin architecture, which specifies cortical elasticity and tension and regulates cell-cell adhesion. Cortical tension and elasticity has a complex, biphasic relationship with cell-cell adhesion. Low levels of cortical tension promote cell-cell adhesion, and this tension increases as adhesions are formed (the arrows indicate this positive feedback) (27, 63). However, if the cortical tension is too high, then the tension is a barrier to forming adhesions. The inhibitory bar reflects this case, which we observed in the Yap overexpression scenario hepatocytes. Imposed mechanical stresses or alterations in the cell architecture can in turn modulate YAP activity. Black activating (arrows) and inhibitory lines represent YAP's connections defined in this study, and the gray lines represent YAP's previously defined connections. ECM, extracellular matrix.